FB-994 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=994 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Carangidae Decapterus Decapterus punctatus (Cuvier, 1829) Atuleau Trzogon skad Carapau Carapau cavala Cavalinha Cavalinha de reis Cavalinha-do-reis Charro-olho-largo Chicharro Chicharro-alamarim Chicharro-calabar Chicharro-cavala Garapau Xixarro Xixarro-branco Xixarro-calabar Xixarro-cavala Makriel-skad Amia Baleg Sima Sibubog Tilus Borot Budburon Burot (yellow tail) Burot-burot Galonggong Galunggong Malatindok Tamarong Gulhalet hestemakrel Arumau Cigarfish Kingston Kombong Mackerel Mackerel roundscad Mackerel scad Mae Robin Sarisi yatule Bancloche Carangue maquereau Comète maquereau Makriau Maquereau Pilote Opelu Marot Tamadios Kusaya-moro 풀가라지 Basung Bengol Sardin Selayang Selayang sardine Atuleau Namuauli Lungu Msumari Ngula-ngula Simsimu Operu 'Operu Galonggong Galunggong Pulang buntot Antonino Antonino caballita Caballa Caballa amarilla Caballa azul Caballeta Caballeta macarela Caballla amarilla Chicharro Chuparaco Jurel fino Macarela Macarela caballa Macarela canalera Macarella cabala Quiaquia Tonino Zapatero Alumahan Bancloche Barraniti Bodloy Budboron Bud-loy Buraw Burot Caballa azul Carapau cavala Cavala Cavala preta Cavala-preta Da-guec Garitoy Karabalyas Komene Maka-agum Makiyo Malimno Mamoshig Marut Masbangu di piedra Matangbaka Moulo Steenmarsbanker Tabilos Tamodios Tayang Tulay Uli 侧翼圆鲹 側翼圓鰺 拉洋圆鲹 拉洋圓鰺 細鱗圓鰺 红赤尾 细鳞圆鲹 頜圓鰺 颌圆鲹 Caranx jacobaeus Cuvier, 1833 Caranx jacobeus Cuvier, 1833 Caranx macarellus Cuvier, 1833 Caranx muroadsi (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) Caranx pinnulatus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850 Caranx sanctae-helenae (non Cuvier, 1829) Decapterus canonoides Jenkins, 1903 Decapterus macarallus (Cuvier, 1833) Decapterus macrosoma (non Bleeker, 1851) Decapterus pinnulatus (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850) Decapterus rhonchus (non Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) Decapterus russelli (non Rüppell, 1830) 1990-10-17 2013-07-12 Coppola, S.R., W. 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McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Zhao, R., B. Kang, Y. Chen, V.T.T. Lam, Y.H. Yeung, L.W.H. Li, K.M.Y. Leung and M. Yan0 Multifaceted biological indicators reveal an effective conservation scheme for marine protected areas. Ecol. Indic. 166(112389):1-11. (Ref. 137701) FB-pic-993-4967 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-07-08 2005-06-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Demac_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Demac_u1.gif FB-pic-993-8434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-14 2018-12-11 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Demac_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Demac_u4.jpg FB-pic-993-12195 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-10-28 2018-10-31 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Demac_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Demac_u1.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Adults prefer clear oceanic waters, frequently around islands (Ref. 5217). Sometimes they are found near the surface, but generally caught between 40 and 200 m depth (Ref. 9283). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Usually seen as fast moving schools along the reef edges near deep water (Ref. 48635, 26235). They feed mainly on zooplankton (Ref. 9283). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Caught with purse seines and trawls (Ref. 9894). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283). Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1995 Carangidae. Jureles, pámpanos, cojinúas, zapateros, cocineros, casabes, macarelas, chicharros, jorobados, medregales, pez pilota. p. 940-986. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9283) FB-DiagnosticDescr-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-04 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 This species is distinguished by the following characters: oral valve (membrane) at symphysis of upper jaw conspicuously white in adults; posterior end of upper jaw straight above, moderately rounded and noticeably slanted anteroventrally; both jaws without teeth; shoulder girdle (cleithrum) margin with 2 small papillae, the lower papilla larger; terminal dorsal- and anal-fin rays each consisting of a widely detached finlet; pectoral fins short (58 to 72% of head length), tip of appressed fins falling considerably short of a vertical line from second dorsal-fin origin; lateral line scales, curved 58-75 and without scutes, straight 18-39 with 24-40 scutes, the total scales and scutes in lateral line (excluding scales on caudal fin) 110 to 138; interorbital scales usually extending to above front margin of the pupil. Colour in life bluish green and slivery below; small black blotch on margin of opercle near upper edge; caudal fin yellow-green and dorsal fin lobe sometimes dark distally; anal and pelvic fins pale to whitish (Ref. 9894, 11228). Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1999 Carangidae. Jacks and scads (also trevallies, queenfishes, runners, amberjacks, pilotfishes, pampanos, etc.). p. 2659-2756. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 9894) FB-Morphology-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-04 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 31 - 37; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 27 - 31; Vertebrae: 24 Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1999 Carangidae. Jacks and scads (also trevallies, queenfishes, runners, amberjacks, pilotfishes, pampanos, etc.). p. 2659-2756. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 9894) FB-Distribution-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-09-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Circumglobal. Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada and Bermuda to approximately Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Appears to be absent from the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 9626). Eastern Atlantic: St. Helena, Ascension, Cape Verde, and Gulf of Guinea (Ref. 7097); Azores and Madeira (Ref. 4233). Indian Ocean: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Seychelles, Mascarenes, South Africa, and Sri Lanka (Ref. 3287). Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California and Revillagigedo Island to Ecuador (Ref. 9283). Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300) FB-Uses-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Honebrink, R. 1990 Fishing in Hawaii: a student manual. Education Program, Division of Aquatic Resources, Honolulu, Hawaii. 79 p. (Ref. 4887) Berry, F.H. and W.F. Smith-Vaniz 1978 Carangidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. FAO, Rome. [var. pag.]. (Ref. 3277) FB-TrophicStrategy-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1992-12-02 00:00:00 2023-12-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public macarellus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Occurs in the continental shelf (Ref. 7300). Prefer clear oceanic waters, frequently around islands (Ref. 5217). Sometimes near the surface, but generally caught between 40 and 200 m depth (Ref. 9283). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Usually seen as fast moving schools along the reef edges near deep water (Refs. 26235, 48635, 9773). Feed mainly on zooplankton (Refs. 9283, 9773); and feeds during the day and at night. Inhabits midwaters (Ref. 9773). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. FB-Size-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 46.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763)) Jiménez Prado, P. and P. Béarez 2004 Peces Marinos del Ecuador continental. Tomo 2: Guía de Especies / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador. Volume 2: Species Guide. SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA. (Ref. 55763) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-993 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2019-01-24 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=993 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle pelagic-oceanic; marine; depth range 0 - 400 m (Ref. 58302), usually 40 - 200 m (Ref. 3197) Mundy, B.C. 2005 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302) Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986 Carangidae. p. 638-661. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3197)