Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825)
Blue jack mackerel
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Trachurus picturatus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Trachurus picturatus
Female Picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP
Pictures | Google image
Female Picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 26139); depth range 170 - 370 m (Ref. 56504). Subtropical; 45°N - 41°S, 32°W - 17°E
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: southern Bay of Biscay to southern Morocco including Azores, Madeira , Canary Islands, Tristan de Cunha and Gough Islands. Also known from the western part of the Mediterranean Sea. Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783). Is also reported from the eastern part of Mediterranean by several references that may need confirmation - see the list of countries (NB).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 24.7, range 24 - 49.5 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7097); common length : 25.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); max. reported age: 18 years (Ref. 109005)
Max length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7097); common length : 25.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); max. reported age: 18 years (Ref. 109005)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are found at depths ranging from 305 to 368 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). They can be seen up to depth of 370 m (Ref. 4233). They are confined to neritic zones of island shelves, banks and sea mounts; a schooling species (Ref. 4233). Known to migrate between the coast of Sahara and the offshore seamounts possibly reaching the Cape Verde Islands (Ref. 26139). They feed mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 138544.
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Collaborators
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 May 2013
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
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Special reports
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Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | National databases | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
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Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00912 (0.00798 - 0.01042), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
3.1 ±0.38 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 5.6 (3.5 - 13.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11 growth studies. |
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Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.18; tm=2-5; tmax=18). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.59, Based on 3 full stock assessments. |
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Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100). 🛈 |
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100). 🛈 |
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Price category (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
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Nutrients (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 147 [88, 283] mg/100g; Iron = 2.46 [1.41, 4.55] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [17.3, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.158, 0.459] g/100g; Selenium = 37.1 [18.2, 73.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.5 [5.0, 115.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.08 [1.45, 3.05] mg/100g (wet weight); |