Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien benthopelagisch; diepte 0 - 100 m (Ref. 114953). Subtropical; 28°N - 12°N, 33°E - 68°E (Ref. 114953)
Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, and probably Gulf of Aden and other areas of NE Arabian Sea. Reports from Mediterranean Sea and elsewhere in Indo-Pacific need confirmation.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm ?, range 83 - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm WD mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 8630)
A benthic species often found in very shallow water near the coast and offshore on the continental shelf (Ref. 9909, Ref.114953). Feed on small mollusks and bony fishes (Ref. 12951) and crustaceans (Ref. 127960). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces up to 10 pups a litter, mainly from May to October (in the Red Sea region) (Ref. 114953). Size at least 171 cm TL. Males matures at ca. 83 cm TL, birth size at ca. 29 cm TL (Ref.114953). Utilized where it occurs but information lacking (Ref. 9909). A target species and utilised bycatch mainly in artisanal fisheries (Ref. 127960).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: bycatch
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Schattingen op basis van modellen
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00389 (0.00140 - 0.01084), b=3.05 (2.82 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278) |
4.1 ±0.67 se; based on food items. |
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179) |
laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Fec assumed to be <100). |
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (61 of 100). 🛈 |