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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Aluterus: Name from Greek meaning not free or detached, referring to the pelvis that does not form a spiny project (as it does in triggerfish) (R. Chandler, pers. Comm. 10/2014).
Eponymy: Dr Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800) was a German botanist, zoologist and physician. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Walbaum.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 3 - 900 m (Ref. 3592), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 3592). Subtropical; 46°N - 27°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Blanc, Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 3592).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 26340); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3592)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 2; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 32 - 39; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 35 - 41. Pelvic terminus always absent; head and body with numerous small round orange or orange-yellow spots; lips often blackish (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Usually found over bottoms with seagrass, sand, or mud (Ref. 3790). Juveniles are associated with floating Sargassum. Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of plants, including algae and seagrasses (Ref. 3790). Generally considered as trash fish, rarely consumed (Ref. 3790). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: perikanan swasembada; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01950 (0.00934 - 0.04069), b=2.93 (2.75 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
2.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |
kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown.
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Nutrisi (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 15.4 [5.5, 43.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.54 [0.24, 1.41] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [15.9, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.159 [0.065, 0.358] g/100g; Selenium = 37 [14, 102] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [3.6, 108.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.785 [0.452, 1.359] mg/100g (wet weight); |