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Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Pseudupeneus: Greek, pseudes = false + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Bloch.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9626), usually 0 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). Subtropical; 40°N - 30°S, 98°W - 28°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and New Jersey, USA to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Ref. 57756), including the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 18.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7251); common length : 22.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3792)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 8 - 9; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 8. A series of three large blackish blotches on upper side of body beneath dorsal fins; color variable but usually pale, the scales of the back with reddish or yellowish brown edges and a central pale blue spot; diagonal light blue lines on head. Capable of displaying a pattern of large red blotches on head and body in less than a minute (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Inhabits shallow waters to depths of 90 m (Ref. 9626), especially over sand and rock bottoms in reef areas. Young juveniles often found on beds of seagrass, e.g. Thalassia. Feeds on small invertebrates (Ref. 9626). Flesh highly esteemed; marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 3792). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Spawnng may either be in pairs or in small groups (Ref. 240).
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01047 (0.00927 - 0.01183), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.2-0.7;). |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 31.8 [14.4, 70.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.495 [0.234, 0.896] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.5, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.259 [0.147, 0.488] g/100g; Selenium = 15 [7, 29] μg/100g; VitaminA = 72.6 [22.5, 282.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.77 [0.47, 1.18] mg/100g (wet weight); |