Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; standorttreu (Ref. 52884); tiefenbereich 2 - 60 m (Ref. 9626). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C; 44°N - 23°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: New England, USA to the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 22.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3797); common length : 45.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3797); max. veröff. Gewicht: 1.8 kg (Ref. 40637)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 9; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 31 - 33; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 23 - 25. Pale gray around mouth, and pale gray margin on caudal fin. Inside of pectoral fin yellow (Ref. 26938). Juveniles are black with two light yellow bars on body and three on head; caudal fin yellow with a vertically elongate, nearly rectangular or hemispherical black spot in middle (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Common in coral reefs, usually solitary, occasionally in pairs. Juveniles are part-time cleaners. Feed mainly on sponges, but also takes tunicates, algae, zoantharians, gorgonians, hydroids, bryozoans, and seagrasses. Oviparous (Ref. 240). Monogamous and always in home-ranging pairs, that is they do not defend an exclusive territory (Ref. 52884). Flesh reported to be of excellent quality (Ref. 3797); marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 5217). Friendly toward divers (Ref. 9710). Have been reared in captivity (Ref. 35419).
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884).
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: weniger kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.03020 (0.01528 - 0.05970), b=2.90 (2.73 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278) |
3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179) |
sehr niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert mehr als 14 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (63 of 100). 🛈 |
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766) |
High.
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Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 31.5 [15.9, 53.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.459 [0.273, 0.748] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.085 [0.053, 0.137] g/100g; Selenium = 34.4 [17.3, 66.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 54.3 [13.7, 197.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight); |