Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 20 - 60 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical; 33°N - 33°S, 99°W - 30°W
Western Atlantic: Florida Keys (USA), Bermuda, and Bahamas to Brazil. Found throughout the West Indies; absent in Colombia (Ref. 3798).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 30.5, range 30 - ? cm
Max length : 79.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217); publicerad maxvikt: 7.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 12; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 15 - 17; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 7 - 8. Scale rows immediately below lateral line oblique (Ref. 26938). Usual color phase dull silvery, the fins largely gray; no black pigment below upper margin of preopercle; the dorsal and caudal fins of subadults and the back above a line from dorsal base to lower margin of caudal fin are often blackish (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Inhabits seagrass beds, sand flats, coral reefs, and wrecks (Ref. 9710). Found in pairs or larger schools (Ref. 3798). Feeds on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 3798). Has been observed to nose into the sand to eat such subsurface invertebrates as peanut worms and heart urchins (Ref. 13442). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja; Akvarium: Offentliga akvarier
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01230 (0.00791 - 0.01915), b=2.99 (2.86 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.19-0.20; tm=3.5; Fec=800,000). |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 27 [10, 49] mg/100g; Iron = 0.501 [0.272, 0.902] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.5, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.118 [0.067, 0.188] g/100g; Selenium = 40.5 [24.4, 65.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 52.4 [21.5, 124.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.01 [0.72, 1.45] mg/100g (wet weight); |