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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomber: Greek, skombros = tunny or mackerel, 1623 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; salmastro pelagic-neritic; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 54254), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 54254). Temperate; 77°N - 30°N, 77°W - 69°E
North Atlantic: including the Mediterranean.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 28.7, range 34 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 35388); common length : 30.0 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 168); peso massimo pubblicato: 3.4 kg (Ref. 9988); Età massima riportata: 17 anni (Ref. 207)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 8 - 14; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 11 - 13; Spine anali: 1; Raggi anali molli: 12 - 13; Vertebre: 31. This species has the following characters: no well developed corselet; interpelvic process small and single; anal fin spine conspicuous, joined to the fin by a membrane but clearly independent of it; anal fin origin opposite that of second dorsal fin; no swim bladder; first haemal spine anterior to first interneural process; 21-28 interneural bones under first dorsal fin; markings on back oblique to near vertical, with relatively little undulating; belly unmarked (Ref. 168).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Abundant in cold and temperate shelf areas, forms large schools near the surface. They overwinter in deeper waters but move closer to shore in spring when water temperatures range between 11° and 14°C. Mainly diurnal, it feeds on zooplankton and small fish. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). The species is traded fresh, frozen, smoked and canned. Eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Two stocks in north-east Atlantic: North Sea (east) and British Isles (west). North Sea stock decreased dramatically in the 1960's because of direct overfishing. Recruitment has been poor and unstable. After spawning, the adult feed very actively moving around in small shoals (Ref. 35388).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: elevato interesse commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00631 (0.00572 - 0.00696), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
3.1 (2.3 - 4.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17 growth studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (rm=0.33-0.56; K=0.23-0.27; tm=2-3; tmax=17; Fec=200,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.43, 95% CL = 0.28 - 0.64, Based on 10 full stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref. 125649) |
Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 20.1 [7.8, 49.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.705 [0.260, 1.627] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [19.4, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.761 [0.515, 1.159] g/100g; Selenium = 52 [28, 97] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.8 [5.0, 65.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.695 [0.445, 1.022] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |