Kneria auriculata (Pellegrin, 1905)
Airbreathing shellear
上傳你的 相片 和 影像
照片 | Google 影像
Kneria auriculata
拍攝者 Gratwicke, B.
照片 | Google 影像
拍攝者 Gratwicke, B.
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Gonorynchiformes (Milkfishes) 鼠□目 (Milkfishes) > Kneriidae (Shellears) 克奈魚科 (Shellears)
Etymology: Kneria: From Kner, that studied fishes in the Imperial Museum of Vienna, with Jean Natterer (1817) (Ref. 45335); auriculata: Refers to the cup-shaped process of the operculum on the male (Ref. 13721).
Eponymy: Dr Rudolf Kner (1810–1869) was an Austrian zoologist specialising in ichthyology. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Pellegrin.
Etymology: Kneria: From Kner, that studied fishes in the Imperial Museum of Vienna, with Jean Natterer (1817) (Ref. 45335); auriculata: Refers to the cup-shaped process of the operculum on the male (Ref. 13721).
Eponymy: Dr Rudolf Kner (1810–1869) was an Austrian zoologist specialising in ichthyology. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Pellegrin.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Africa: most mountain and plateau tributaries of the Zambezi, Pungwe, Buzi, Sabi/Save and Runde/Lundi rivers (Ref. 83372) in Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique. Also in the upper Congo River basin (Lualaba, upper Lualaba, Lake Mweru and Luapula) (Ref. 45616) in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia. A relict southern pocket occurs in the Crocodile (Incomati system), Transvaal (Ref. 7248, 52193). Identity of specimens from the Kafue and upper Zambezi requires confirmation (Ref. 52193). Not recorded from coastal areas (Ref. 5214).
非洲: 尚比西河下游， Pungwe ， Buzi 與辛巴威的賽姆與莫三比克的丘陵地溪流。 殘餘倖存者南方的口袋出現於鱷魚 (Incomati 系統) ，南非德蘭士瓦中。 標本從 Kafue 與尚比西河上游的鑑定需要證實。 也已知來自安哥拉與剛果。 (參考文獻 3565)
非洲: 尚比西河下游， Pungwe ， Buzi 與辛巴威的賽姆與莫三比克的丘陵地溪流。 殘餘倖存者南方的口袋出現於鱷魚 (Incomati 系統) ，南非德蘭士瓦中。 標本從 Kafue 與尚比西河上游的鑑定需要證實。 也已知來自安哥拉與剛果。 (參考文獻 3565)
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 10; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 11.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Usually found in small headwater streams with fast water associated with rapids and a boulder stream floor, with or without aquatic vegetation (Ref. 12524). Shoals occur in pools of small, clear, silt-free, rocky streams; reported to breathe air and to climb over damp rocks and up the sides of waterfalls during migrations (Ref. 13721, 52959). Can tolerate living out of the water for a long time if conditions are damp (Ref. 246, 5214, 13721). Scrapes diatoms, algae, and detritus from rock surfaces and also takes small aquatic insects such as mayfly nymphs and midge larvae; matures after a year; breeds in spring and summer, larger females bear up to 600 eggs (Ref. 52959). Moves on to flooded grasslands during the rainy season (Ref. 12524, 13337). Males and females have been observed swimming together, apparently joined side by side by means of the males' opercular disc (Ref. 12524).
淺灘出現在小且清澈的﹐無淤泥﹐和岩石溪流的水池。 報告呼吸空氣而且在迴游的時候攀越潮溼的岩石並且向上到瀑布的側邊。 刮掉矽藻，藻類 , 與碎屑從岩石表面以及吃小的水生昆蟲例如孚游類蛹與蚊仔魚。 在一年之後成熟。 繁殖於春天與夏天, 較大的雌魚生產超過 600個卵。 (參考文獻 7248) 在雨季的時候轉移至被水淹沒的草地。 (參考文獻 13337)
淺灘出現在小且清澈的﹐無淤泥﹐和岩石溪流的水池。 報告呼吸空氣而且在迴游的時候攀越潮溼的岩石並且向上到瀑布的側邊。 刮掉矽藻，藻類 , 與碎屑從岩石表面以及吃小的水生昆蟲例如孚游類蛹與蚊仔魚。 在一年之後成熟。 繁殖於春天與夏天, 較大的雌魚生產超過 600個卵。 (參考文獻 7248) 在雨季的時候轉移至被水淹沒的草地。 (參考文獻 13337)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Male and female have been observed swimming side by side apparently joined by the opercular organ of the male; this is probably an adaptation to ensure the efficient external fertilization of ova in a flowing water environment (Ref. 88978). Breeding appears to be correlated with the start and ending of the rainy season; possibly exhibits multiple spawning over a prolonged breeding season (Ref. 88978).非洲: 尚比西河下游， Pungwe ， Buzi 與辛巴威的賽姆與莫三比克的丘陵地溪流。 殘餘倖存者南方的口袋出現於鱷魚 (Incomati 系統) ，南非德蘭士瓦中。 標本從 Kafue 與尚比西河上游的鑑定需要證實。 也已知來自安哥拉與剛果。 (參考文獻 3565)
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Poll, M., 1984. Kneriidae. p. 129-133. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3565)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 潛在的興趣; 水族館: 潛在的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
更多資訊
解剖學
鰓區
腦部
耳石
鰓區
腦部
耳石
生理學
身體成分
營養素
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
視覺色素
魚聲
疾病與寄生蟲
毒性 (LC50s)
身體成分
營養素
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
視覺色素
魚聲
疾病與寄生蟲
毒性 (LC50s)
遺傳學
基因組
遺傳學
異種性
遺傳率
遺傳多樣性
基因組
遺傳學
異種性
遺傳率
遺傳多樣性
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 屬, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: 去, 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄
基於模型的估計
|
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245). |
| 0 | |
|
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Lm=4.6-4.7). |
|
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈 |
|
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown. |