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South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins; north and eastern Guiana Shield rivers.
Размер / Вес / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 41.5 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 111518); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 2.5 kg (Ref. 27188)
Gregarious and non-aggressive (Ref. 27188). Individuals prefer calm zones of main rivers where the vegetation hangs over the river banks. Migratory behaviour is undetermined (Ref. 126106). Adults feed on the leaves of river plants (Ref. 12225). They possess powerful dentition that can cause serious bites. Reproduction has not yet been carried out in captivity (Ref. 27188).
Жизненный цикл и брачное поведение половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Плодовитость | личинки
The red hooked anal fin of the female is actually a plough. The male has a bilobed anal fin which is designed to wrap around the female's "hook". During spawning, the female inserts the hook into the substrate (e.g., gravel) and ploughs a furrow while laying the eggs with the male in a position next to her with his bi-lobed fin wrapped around the hook as he fertilises the eggs. The female's "hook" is suprisingly strong and can be pushed into coarse gravel (up to the anal opening) without any problem with a shaking body action, the male's bilobed hook folds under the same pressure so they can work in unison (Ref. 55767).
Физиология Состав тела Питательные вещества Потребление кислорода Тип плавания Скорость плавания Зрительные пигменты Звук рыбы Болезни и паразиты Токсичность (LC50s)
