Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 2 - 137 m (Ref. 5222), usually 5 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). Subtropical; 35°N - 28°S, 92°W - 33°W (Ref. 5222)
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean south to Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 53.6, range 50 - 63 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 26340); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5217); peso máximo publicado: 18.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 11; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 15 - 16; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 10 - 12. Distinguished by the following characteristics: Head and body have oval groups of dark spots; outer third of pectoral fin bright yellow (Ref. 26938); two color morphs: a deep-water reddish form and shallow-water greenish form; depth of body contained 2.9-3.2 times in SL; head length 2.6-2.9 times in SL; convex interorbital area; evenly rounded preopercle or with slight notch, without projecting bony lobe at the angle; nostrils subequal or posterior nostrils with diameter twice the size of anterior nostrils (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults found on rocky and coral reefs, juveniles occur in shallow turtle grass beds. Also been taken in trawls over mud bottom in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Feeds mainly on fishes (mostly on coral reef species) and squids. Although often implicated in ciguatera poisonings, it is a desirable food fish; and even large (5 to 10 kg) fish from areas considered safe are sold in markets. Also caught with surface trolling. Sex-reversal has been observed (Ref. 5521).
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: muy comercial; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01096 (0.00700 - 0.01716), b=3.04 (2.91 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (K=0.09-0.17; tmax=15; Fec=400,000). |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (62 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidad climática (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (86 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 12.5 [7.1, 26.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.452 [0.227, 0.786] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.5, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.219 [0.129, 0.378] g/100g; Selenium = 21.5 [10.5, 42.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 70.2 [22.5, 249.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.489 [0.322, 0.741] mg/100g (wet weight); |