محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 0 - 150 m (Ref. 30573), usually 10 - 137 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 31°N - 32°S, 30°E - 122°W (Ref. 57251)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa (Ref. 9710), including the Mascarene Islands (Ref. 37792) to the Hawaiian, Marquesas and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 45.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 1602); common length : 50.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 30573); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 44 سال ها (Ref. 52229)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 6; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 26 - 29; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 2; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 27 - 30. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep and compressed, its depth 2.6 to 3.2 times in standard length (SL); dorsal profile of body uniformly convex, without any bony horn-like projection or protuberance anteriorly on head; mouth small; incisiform teeth very small, somewhat pointed, finely serrate on edges, as many as 80 in upper jaw and 100 in lower jaw of large adults; continuous unnotched D VI (rarely V or VII),26-29; A II,27-30; pectoral-fin rays 17-18 (usually 17); pelvic fins I,3; caudal fin slightly emarginate in young, becoming truncate in adults; caudal peduncle slender, subcylindrical, with a pair of bony plates on each side that develop large sharp antrorse keels with age; body colour dark brownish grey, shading ventrally to yellowish (life colour may vary from dark brown to light blue-grey); edge of operculum and preopercle usually dark brown; dorsal and anal fins yellowish with faint diagonal brown bands and a blue margin; tongue black at lengths of 25 cm or more (Ref. 9808).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Inhabits clear lagoon and seaward reef slopes (Ref. 9710, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Usually seen in large schools (Ref. 90102). Mainly diurnal, it feeds on zooplankton such as crab larvae, arrow worms, pelagic tunicates, and occasionally filamentous red algae. The species is never poisonous (Ref. 4795). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Spawn in pairs (Ref. 240).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.02344 (0.01427 - 0.03851), b=2.95 (2.81 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
سطح تروفیک (مرجع 69278) |
3.1 ±0.33 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
5.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
جهندگی (مرجع 120179) |
خیلی آهسته, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت بيش از 14 سال (tm=7; K=0.221; tmax=44;). |
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100). 🛈 |
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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مواد مغذی (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 26.9 [15.5, 50.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.53 [0.26, 0.94] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [18.0, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.094, 0.288] g/100g; Selenium = 43 [22, 76] μg/100g; VitaminA = 73 [25, 209] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.14 [0.78, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight); |