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> Beryciformes (Sawbellies) > Berycidae (Alfonsinos)
Etymology: Beryx:Greek, beryx or berys = a name of a fish. Cuvier & Valenciennes (1829:221) precise that the name was used by Gesner from Varinus, but with no indication whatsoever helping identifying any species. After D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (A glossary of Greek fishes, 1947), the name actually seems to come originally from Hesychius, but perhaps the name was not originally a fish name. Thompson compares it to meryx (ruminant), applied on skaros (Scarus), so it may have been applied on a parrot fish referring to its browsing/grazing behavior described by Aristoteles and followers. More on author: Lowe.
Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología
marino bentopelágico; oceanodromo (Ref. 87829); rango de profundidad 25 - 1300 m (Ref. 9833), usually 400 - 600 m (Ref. 27121). Subtropical; 45°N - 43°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumglobal, excluding the northeast Pacific and Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 9833). Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine to the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 6743). Eastern Atlantic: off southwestern Europe and the Canary Islands (Ref. 7413) to South Africa (Ref. 4179). Indo-Pacific: East Africa (including Saya de Malha Bank, Ref. 33390) to Japan, Hawaii, Australia, and New Zealand (Ref. 5755). The limited number of records in the western Pacific is doubtless the result of limited fishing effort below 200 m (Ref. 9833). Eastern Pacific: Chile (Ref. 27363).
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm33.2 range ? - ? cm Max length : 70.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 30573); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 30573); peso máximo publicado: 4.0 kg (Ref. 43448); edad máxima reportada: 23 años (Ref. 35874)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 4; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 13 - 16; Espinas anales: 4; Radios blandos anales: 26 - 30. First infraorbital bone with a spine projecting laterally on anterior end. Lateral line extends to caudal fin. A fleshy disk on inner face of exposed area of scale. In young fishes, the 2nd dorsal ray is elongate (Ref. 559). Ref. 27363 notes pectoral fins with one spine and 17 soft rays (Ref. 27363). Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Adults inhabit the outer shelf (180 m) and slope to at least 1,300 m depth, probably moving further from the bottom at night; often found over seamounts (Ref. 9833) and underwater ridges (Ref. 33648). Are considered as one of the straddling stocks in the northwest Pacific (Ref. 87829). They feed mainly on fish, crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 33648). Oviparous, spawn in batches (Ref. 30291). Juveniles (Ref. 9072), eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 30291). Marketed frozen and eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Maul, G.E., 1990. Berycidae. p. 626. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7413)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Fisiología Composición corporal Nutrientes Consumo del oxígeno Tipo de natación Velocidad de natación Pigmentos visuales Sonido de peces Enfermedades y parásitos Toxicidad (CL50)
