分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 2 - 8 m (Ref. 96339). 熱帶; 30°N - 3°S, 114°W - 81°W (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Central Pacific: Mazatlán, Mexico to Ecuador, including Galapagos Islands.
中太平洋東部: 墨西哥馬瑞它到厄瓜多。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 48.5, range 44 - ? cm
Max length : 118 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 111131)
Benthic in shallow waters over sandy bottoms (Ref. 9262). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces litters of 1-6 pups. Females mature at ca. 48 cm TL, males at ca. 51 cm TL; born at 19 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
底棲於淺水域沙質底部之上。 (參考文獻 9262) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).中太平洋東部: 墨西哥馬瑞它到厄瓜多。
McEachran, J.D., 1995. Rhinobatidae. Peces guitarra. p. 778-781. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9262)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受傷害 (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 08 February 2019
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00186 (0.00121 - 0.00287), b=3.12 (2.99 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (55 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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