Rhinoptera steindachneri Evermann & Jenkins, 1891
Pacific cownose ray
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Rhinoptera steindachneri AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Rhinoptera steindachneri
图片提供人 Béarez, P.
照片 | 谷歌图片
图片提供人 Béarez, P.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Rhinopteridae (Cownose rays)
Etymology: Rhinoptera: Greek, rhinos = nose + Greek,pteron = fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Franz Steindachner (1834–1919) was an Austrian zoologist who specialised in herpetology and ichthyology. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Evermann & Jenkins.
Etymology: Rhinoptera: Greek, rhinos = nose + Greek,pteron = fin, wing (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Franz Steindachner (1834–1919) was an Austrian zoologist who specialised in herpetology and ichthyology. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Evermann & Jenkins.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 65 m (Ref. 117244), usually 0 - 25 m. 熱帶; 32°N - 5°S, 117°W - 76°W
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Costa Rica and the Galapagos Islands. Probably occurring elsewhere.
東太平洋: 加州灣到哥斯大黎加與加拉巴哥群島。 可能出現其他地方。
東太平洋: 加州灣到哥斯大黎加與加拉巴哥群島。 可能出現其他地方。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Adults are found over soft bottoms, near rocky or coral reefs; also near reef drop-offs (Ref. 12951). They occasionally swim near the surface and may jump out of the water. Often in schools, sometimes associated with Aetobatus narinari, the spotted eagle ray (Ref. 12951). Adults feed on benthic crustaceans and mollusks. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
发现在软质底部上了, 在岩礁或珊瑚礁的附近; 也在礁海峭壁的附近.(参考文献 12951) 偶然地接近水表面而且可能离开水面跳跃。 常形成鱼群, 有时伴随着 Aetobatus narinari ，有斑点的鹰 .(参考文献 12951) 吃底栖的甲壳动物与软件动物。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449)
发现在软质底部上了, 在岩礁或珊瑚礁的附近; 也在礁海峭壁的附近.(参考文献 12951) 偶然地接近水表面而且可能离开水面跳跃。 常形成鱼群, 有时伴随着 Aetobatus narinari ，有斑点的鹰 .(参考文献 12951) 吃底栖的甲壳动物与软件动物。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).東太平洋: 加州灣到哥斯大黎加與加拉巴哥群島。 可能出現其他地方。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
McEachran, J.D. and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara, 1995. Rhinopteridae. Gavilanes. p. 782-783. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9263)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01148 (0.00461 - 0.02857), b=2.98 (2.76 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 4.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (k = 0.25; tmax = 10.75; tm = 3.92; Fec = 1). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100). 🛈 |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 7.27 [0.83, 109.36] mg/100g; Iron = 0.396 [0.033, 4.161] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [15.3, 25.9] %; Omega3 = 0.0736 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 29 [6, 147] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.9 [2.6, 334.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.769 [0.049, 8.696] mg/100g (wet weight); |