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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Pegusa:The old name of the Cnidus, the city in Asia minos where the Atheniasn defeated Spartans in a naval battle near 394 BC. More on author: Risso.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة القاع; نطاق العمق 5 - 350 m (Ref. 4710), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 57°N - 17°S, 18°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: northeastern to southeastern Atlantic; perhaps Gulf of Guinea; the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea; reported from Suez Canal (Ref. 32649); and Sea of Azov (Ref. 4710).
الطول عند النضج الأول / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm?, range 22 - ? cm Max length : 40.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4710); common length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2714); العمر: 15 سنين (Ref. 32766)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 69 - 87; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 53 - 73; فقرات: 40 - 48. Last ray of dorsal and anal fins joined by a low membrane to the base of the caudal fin. Supratemporal branch of lateral line forming an arch. Anterior nostril on the blind side prominent forming a large round rosette, its diameter equal to that of the eye. Lower lip on ocular side undulated with about 6 lobes. Length of both nasal tubes and scales above it on the ocular side about equal. Pectoral fin on the ocular side with a black botch with a white margin except at its base; this blotch often interrupted by light space or accompanied by dots or streaks on one side or the other (present in fresh specimens from coast of Israel (Ref. 32649). Brownish yellow or reddish brown in color with obscure pale blotches and specks (Ref. 3200). Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Found on gravel, sand or mud. Feeds on a wide range of small marine bivalves; mainly on crustaceans such as amphipods, mysids, shrimps, decapods, bivalves and polychaetes (Ref. 4710).
Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. A taxonomic reappraisal of the Atlanto-Mediterranean soles Solea solea, S. senegalensis and S. lascaris. J. Fish Biol. 36(6):947-960. (Ref. 32649)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
