分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
牙鮃科 (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的; 深度上下限 10 - 183 m (Ref. 5951), usually ? - 37 m (Ref. 5951). 溫帶; 45°N - 25°N, 81°W - 57°W
Northwest Atlantic: Maine (rarely Nova Scotia, Canada) to southern Florida, USA.
西北大西洋: 在美國的緬因州 (很少地加拿大的新斯科舍省) 到佛羅里達北部。-
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 28.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 94.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); 最大體重: 12.0 kg (Ref. 7251); 最大年齡: 9 年 (Ref. 52684)
Adults usually prefer hard sandy substrate where they can burrow; can exploit a broad range of lower and mid-estuary habitats including salt marsh creeks and seagrass beds, which usually have muddy or silty substrates , as well as sand flats (Ref. 26621). Occur in bays, lagoons and shallow coastal waters. Utilized fresh and frozen; can be steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Exported fresh to Japan for sashimi.
成魚通常偏愛堅硬的砂質底部在那裡它們能掘洞穴; 能開發大範圍低的與在-之中棲息地河口包括含鹽的沼澤小溪與海草床, 這通常有泥濘或淤泥的底部 , 以及沙地淺灘.(參考文獻 26621) 出現於海灣,潟湖與沿岸淺水區。 生鮮使用與冷凍; 能被蒸,油炸, 煮沸, 微波而且燒烤。 (參考文獻 9988) 輸出從淡水到日本用作生魚片。
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).西北大西洋: 在美國的緬因州 (很少地加拿大的新斯科舍省) 到佛羅里達北部。-
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00603 (0.00481 - 0.00755), b=3.16 (3.11 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
4.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
5.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.77-0.84(?); assuming tm>=2; tmax=9). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.86, 95% CL = 0.57 - 1.30, Based on 1 full stock assessment. |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100). 🛈 |
氣候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 25.9 [11.3, 42.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.292 [0.145, 0.532] mg/100g; Protein = 16.5 [14.1, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.374 [0.200, 0.700] g/100g; Selenium = 16.3 [8.0, 35.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.6 [2.5, 41.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.321 [0.219, 0.478] mg/100g (wet weight); |