Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758)
European flounder
個人による観察記録の追加 Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Platichthys flesus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
アップロード 写真 そして ビデオ
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
Platichthys flesus
画像によって Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
画像によって Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: Platichthys: Greek, platys = flat + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Platichthys: Greek, platys = flat + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; 降流性の (Ref. 138126); 深さの範囲 1 - 100 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 5°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614); 72°N - 30°N, 32°W - 45°E (Ref. 54704)
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: coastal and brackish waters of western Europe and from the White Sea to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Ref. 4705, Ref. 51442). Introduced into the USA and Canada accidentally through transport in ballast water (Ref. 1739). Asia: Iran (Ref. 39702).
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 22.4, range 14 - 30 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 35388); common length : 50.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 30578); 最大公表体重: 2.9 kg (Ref. 104349); 最大記録サイズ: 15 年 (Ref. 3944)
Max length : 60.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 35388); common length : 50.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 30578); 最大公表体重: 2.9 kg (Ref. 104349); 最大記録サイズ: 15 年 (Ref. 3944)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 53 - 62; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 37 - 46. Flatfish, its disc width less than half its length (Ref. 3137). Small mouth (Ref. 3137, Ref. 51442). Eyes mostly (70%) on right side (Ref. 3137, 51442), 79% of dextrally oriented flounder (n = 1076) in Bos, 2000 (Ref. 57574). Rough skin, especially along the lateral line and the basis of the dorsal and anal fin (Ref. 3137). Lateral line straight, slightly rounded over pectorals (Ref. 3137). Green-olive colored (Ref. 51442), the bottom side white (Ref. 3137). Irregular reddish spots on the eye side (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Migratory fish, which is most of the year found in estuaries (Ref. 51442). Adults occur on mud and sand bottom in shallow water, at sea and brackish; often entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). During winter, adults retreat to deeper, warmer waters, where they spawn in spring (Ref. 30193). The growing larvae are moving to the coast (Ref. 51442). Larvae and early juveniles use selective tidal transport to migrate upstream rivers (Ref. 57575) using a range of triggers such as salinity, prey density and water temperature (Ref. 57573, 57574). Juveniles live in shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 57574), which are also the summer feeding grounds for the adults (Ref. 30193). Juveniles of less than a year old feed on plankton and larvae of insects, juveniles of more than a year and adults feed on benthic fauna (Ref. 51442), including small fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 30193). Nocturnal and burrowing (Ref. 30193). Marketed fresh and frozen; can be steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Worms and mollusks are excellent baits for line fishing (Ref. 30578).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Spawns in the water column (Ref. 7471). Produces 400,000 to 2,000,000 eggs for each female (Ref. 51442).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター : Amaoka, Kunio | 協力者
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
人間の用途
水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 実験の; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
FAO - 養殖システム: production search水産業: 種の外形, landings search; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | 私達の周りの海
より多くの情報
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - 養殖システム: production search水産業: 種の外形, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
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系統多様性指数 (参照 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00759 (0.00672 - 0.00857), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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栄養段階 (参照 69278) |
3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 4.4 (3.1 - 5.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies. |
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回復力 (参照 120179) |
低い, ４．５年～１４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.22-0.3; tm=2-5; tmax=15; Fec= 2 million). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 5 full stock assessments. |
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漁業の脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100). 🛈 |
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気候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100). 🛈 |
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価格帯 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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栄養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 33.1 [14.0, 58.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.26 [0.13, 0.49] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.6, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.161, 0.627] g/100g; Selenium = 14.7 [7.4, 32.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.9 [1.9, 26.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.509 [0.347, 0.750] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |