Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 1 - 150 m (Ref. 6790), usually 1 - 30 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 66°N - 27°N, 19°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, Madeira and Canary Islands, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Ref. 6790). Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783).
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 12.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 40637); common length : 25.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); max. veröff. Gewicht: 1.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Body elongate, length more than 6 times height. Greenish in upper parts, yellowish-white oblique stripes. Small 2-3 spines in front of each eye (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
On sandy, muddy or gravelly bottoms, from a few meters to about 150 m. Rest on the bottom, often buried with eyes and tip of first dorsal fin exposed (Ref. 9988). At night they swim around freely, even pelagically (Ref. 35388). Feed on small invertebrates and fishes; chiefly nocturnal. Oviparous, eggs and larval stages pelagic (Ref. 4675). There are dark markings along the scales; the anterior dorsal fin is black and contains venomous spines. Utilized fresh and frozen; can be pan-fried, broiled, boiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Spawning takes place in June and August, pelagic eggs are 1 mm (Ref. 35388). Also Ref. 57406.
Oviparous, eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 4675).
Roux, C., 1990. Trachinidae. p. 893-895. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6790)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: weniger kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien
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Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00550 (0.00452 - 0.00668), b=3.05 (2.99 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278) |
3.9 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies. |
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179) |
mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.08-0.5; Assuming tm=2-4). |
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100). 🛈 |
Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈 |
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 29.9 [20.3, 57.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.36 [0.23, 0.58] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.643 [0.399, 1.025] g/100g; Selenium = 13.2 [7.3, 25.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.8 [7.7, 74.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.445 [0.328, 0.607] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |