分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 6 - 30 m (Ref. 57178). 溫帶; 80°N - 37°N, 25°W - 36°E
Northeast Atlantic: Murman and Spitzbergen to Portugal, including Iceland and much of the Baltic.
東北大西洋: Murman 與 Spitzbergen 到葡萄牙, 包括冰島與許多波羅的海。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 13.0, range 11 - 15 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4674); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4645)
Tip of pectoral fin reaches the front end of the dorsal fin. Dark spot on each side of the snout. Two pointed teeth in the palate. Upper jaw not protractile (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
胸鳍顶端达到背鳍的前端。 在吻部的两边上的深色斑点。 在上颚的二个尖的齿。 上颌不是可伸出.(参考文献 35388)
Inshore, including the inter-tidal zone and estuaries, and offshore to about 60 m depth. Commonly associated with Ammodytes species. Feeds initially on zooplankton, later small fish (clupeids and ammodytids) dominate the diet. Summer batch spawner. Used mainly for fishmeal and oil, but also utilized fresh and pan-fried for human consumption (Ref. 9988).
沿海地区, 包括中潮间带与河口 , 与外海到大约 60 公尺深。 通常伴随着 Ammodytes 种。 最初在浮游动物上为食,较迟的小鱼 (鲱鱼与玉筋鱼科鱼类) 占优势食性。 夏天分批产卵者。 主要地为鱼浆或鱼油使用, 也生鲜利用与油锅炸的供人类消费.(参考文献 9988)
東北大西洋: Murman 與 Spitzbergen 到葡萄牙, 包括冰島與許多波羅的海。
Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974. Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 诱饵: occasionally
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00316 (0.00168 - 0.00595), b=3.01 (2.85 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
4.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2; Fec=35,000). |
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100). 🛈 |
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown.
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 50.7 [28.6, 103.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.402 [0.237, 0.669] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.405 [0.217, 0.718] g/100g; Selenium = 10.1 [4.9, 20.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [7.0, 60.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.594 [0.420, 0.824] mg/100g (wet weight); |