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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Melanogrammus: Greek, melan, -anos = black + Greek, gramma = letter, signal (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 10 - 450 m, usually 10 - 200 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 79°N - 36°N, 76°W - 102°E
North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic. Mediterranean Sea to southern Greenland, Iceland, and southern Barents Sea east to Kara Sea.
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 34.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 112 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5951); common length : 35.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 4645); max. veröff. Gewicht: 16.8 kg (Ref. 9988); max. veröff. Alter: 20 Jahre (Ref. 4645)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Afterflossenstacheln: 0. Mouth relatively small; lower jaw shorter than the upper jaw; chin barbel rather small. Lateral line dark, uninterrupted to about the end of the body. Lateral-line pores present on head. Scales overlapping. A large dark blotch is above the pectoral fin just below the lateral line.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.
Adults are found more commonly from 80 to 200 m, over rock, sand, gravel or shells, usually at temperatures between 4° and 10°C. Feed mainly on small bottom-living organisms including crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms, worms and fishes (sand lance, capelin, silver hake, American eels, herring and argentines) (Ref. 5951). A batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Undertakes extensive migrations in the Barents Sea and Iceland. Sold fresh, chilled as fillets, frozen, smoked and canned. Also utilized for fish meal and animal feeds. Can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205). Spawning occurs in typically marine waters between 50 and 150 m depth (Ref. 1371).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: hoch kommerziell; Aquakultur: experimental; Sportfisch: ja
Tools
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00661 (0.00584 - 0.00748), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278) |
4.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
5.0 (4.6 - 5.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 36 growth studies. |
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179) |
mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (rm=0.54-1.2; K=0.12-0.30; tm=2-6.5; tmax=20; Fec=100,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.75, Based on 41 full stock assessments. |
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100). 🛈 |
Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100). 🛈 |
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Nährstoffe (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 10.2 [3.2, 40.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.175 [0.075, 0.825] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.617 [0.316, 1.243] g/100g; Selenium = 32.9 [12.1, 89.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.92 [2.06, 29.85] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.309 [0.168, 0.623] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |