Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau, 1861)
Three spotted tilapia
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Oreochromis andersonii
Bild av Panduleni Ndinelago Elago & IFC
Bilder | Google image
Bild av Panduleni Ndinelago Elago & IFC
Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335); andersonii: Named for the Swede Charles John Anderson, who explored Namibia during the middle of the 19th century (Ref. 13337).
Eponymy: Charles John Andersson (1827–1867) aka Karl Johan Andersson explored Southwest Africa (Namibia) in the 19th century. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Castelnau.
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335); andersonii: Named for the Swede Charles John Anderson, who explored Namibia during the middle of the 19th century (Ref. 13337).
Eponymy: Charles John Andersson (1827–1867) aka Karl Johan Andersson explored Southwest Africa (Namibia) in the 19th century. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Castelnau.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; djupintervall 0 - 10 m (Ref. 54002), usually 3 - 6 m (Ref. 54002). Tropical; 18°C - 33°C (Ref. 3); 12°S - 21°S
Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
Africa: Ngami basin, Okavango River; Cunene River and Mossamedes, Angola; upper Zambezi, Kafue River; middle Zambezi, Lake Kariba and Cabora Bassa since construction of dams. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction (2265). Also reported from the Kasai system in Angola (Ref. 120641). Reported as introduced in Kasanka National Park (upper Congo River basin) in Zambia (Ref. 95585).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 20.7, range 12 - 15 cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 40637); publicerad maxvikt: 4.7 kg (Ref. 40637); rapporterad maxålder: 13 år (Ref. 13400)
Max length : 61.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 40637); publicerad maxvikt: 4.7 kg (Ref. 40637); rapporterad maxålder: 13 år (Ref. 13400)
Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 15 - 18; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11 - 15; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 9 - 13; Ryggkotor: 30 - 32. Diagnosis: male genital papilla bluntly conical with a narrow flange slightly notched in the middle; jaws enlarged in breeding males, which in this species are normally not less than 30cm TL; scales in lateral line series 31-35, usually 32-33; scales of cheek in 3 full rows; vertebrae 30-32; total number of dorsal rays 28-31. Pectoral fin in adults 34-43% SL (Ref. 2), very long (Ref. 1904). Depth of body 40.5-50.5% SL; color-pattern of non-breeding fish and female always including 3 or 4 conspicuous mid-lateral blotches and a red margin on dorsal and caudal fins; breeding male with red margins broader and brighter and general dark, iridescent purplish-brown color of head, back and flanks, masking the blotches; no series of vertical spots or vertical stripes on caudal fin; nest a simple circular depression (Ref. 2).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs in both river and swamp habitats and is adapted to fairly fast-flowing rivers (Ref. 6465). Hardy, tolerating fresh and brackish water (up to 20ppt, Ref. 3), preferring slow-flowing or standing water; adults occupy deep open waters, juveniles remain inshore among vegetation (Ref. 7248, 52193). Prefers fairly deep, quiet water with some weed cover; hippo pools are a favoured retreat (Ref. 12524, 13337). Forms schools (Ref. 2, 12524, 13337). Mainly diurnal; a detritivore which feeds on fine particulate matter (Ref. 2), including algae (Ref. 246, 12524, 13337, 53992), diatoms, detritus (Ref. 7248, 52193, 53992) and zooplankton (Ref. 7248, 52193). Larger individuals also take insects and other invertebrates (Ref. 53992). Feeding regime is variable, the diet changes according to food availability (Ref. 6465). Female mouthbrooder (Ref. 87, 246, 6465, 12524, 13337). Fine angling and table species (Ref. 6465, 12524, 13337).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Spawning did not occur in ponds at a temperature below 21°C (Ref. 2). Rarely more than one brood in a season (Ref. 87, 246), but known to breed at least twice a year under pond conditions (Ref. 12524, 13337). Males excavate saucer-shaped nests (Ref. 246, 314, 6465, 12524, 13337, 54048) that can be up to 75cm in diameter and 30cm deep, using mouth and fins (Ref. 2, 314, 52307), in the center of their territory (Ref. 52307), on a sandy substrate (any vegetation is uprooted with its mouth) and in water from 1-3m deep, where they display to attract females (Ref. 12524, 13337, 54048). Up to 40 nests can be found together (Ref. 6465). Females are the primary care-givers (Ref. 52307), moutbrooding eggs, larvae and fry; multiple broods are raised during the warmer months (Ref. 7248, 52193). She lays her eggs in the concavity on top of the nest, the male fertilizes the eggs whereupon the female takes the eggs into her mouth where they are incubated; males guard the nest and females against all intruders; parental care is exercised for the first few weeks after the eggs hatch (Ref. 12524, 13337).
Huvudreferens
Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Medarbetare
Trewavas, E., 1983. Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Sårbar (VU) (A3e); Date assessed: 01 March 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Hot mot människor
Potential pest (Ref. 6465)
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
FAO - Vattenbrukssystem: production search; Publication: search | FishSource |
Ytterligare information
Populationsdynamik
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Verktyg
E-bok | Fälthandbok | Bestämningsnycklar | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta |
Fångst-MSY |
Särskilda rapporter
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Ladda ner XML
Internet-källor
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Vattenbrukssystem: production search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
|
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01549 (0.01205 - 0.01991), b=3.00 (2.96 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
2.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
|
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.17-0.22; tm=4; tmax=13). |
|
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown. |