Sarotherodon melanotheron, Blackchin tilapia : fisheries, aquaculture, aquarium

Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852

Blackchin tilapia
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Classificatie / Namen Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Sarotherodon: Greek, saros, -ou = sawdust + Greek, ther = animal * Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rüppell.

Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied Ecologie

marien; zoet water; brak water demersaal; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; standvastig (Ref. 126106); diepte 0 - 3 m (Ref. 5723). Tropical; 27°N - 14°S, 18°W - 31°E

Verspreiding Gebieden | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Verspreidingskaart | Introducties | Faunafri

Africa: Lagoons and estuaries from Mauritania to Cameroon. Introduced to several countries in Asia, USA and Europe (Ref. 21). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. Previously, three subspecies were recognized: Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sarotherodon melanotheron leonensis and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturiteit: Lm 12.1, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 31256); common length : 17.5 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 12193)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 15 - 17; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 10 - 12; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 8 - 10; Wervels: 26 - 28. Diagnosis: length of caudal peduncle 0.6-0.9 times in its depth (Ref. 53405). Melanic areas in adult usually present on lower parts of head, on cleithrum and on apices of caudal and soft dorsal fins; occasional irregular and asymmetrical spots on flanks probably representing vertical bars; median spot or transverse bar on nape rather constant (Ref. 2).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

This species can tolerate high salinity (Ref. 5723). Adults occur abundantly in mangrove areas and ventures in to both fresh, like lower reaches of streams (Ref. 5723) and salt waters in native and non-native ranges (Ref. 46816, 53405). In West Africa, they are confined to brackish lagoons and estuaries, and is abundant in the mangrove zone (Ref. 2). They form schools; is mainly nocturnal with intermittent daytime feeding. They feed on aufwuchs and detritus (Ref. 2), as well as on bivalves and zooplankton (Ref. 28587). Feeding behaviour: picking up and swallowing "bites" (no gill rakers) (Ref. 55661).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Spawns in shallow water close inshore. Initiative in courtship, pit digging and mating activities are taken by the female. Eventually a male is stimulated to react in a mainly passive manner and a pair-bond is established; sexual dimorphism minimal; no T-stand by the partners during fertilization. Exhibits mouth-brooding habit (Ref. 6298). Males exclusively incubate the eggs (Ref. 2, 6309).

Hoofdreferentie Upload uw referenties | Referenties | Coördinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Medewerkers

Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels, 1991. Sarotherodon. p. 425-437. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4999)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 April 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Potential pest





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; Aquacultuur: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
FAO - Aquacultuursystemen: production search; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Schattingen op basis van modellen

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01778 (0.01381 - 0.02290), b=3.00 (2.93 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau
(Ref. 69278)
2.2   ±0.14 se; based on food items.
Generation time 0.8 (0.5 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen
(Ref. 120179)
Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.16).
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij
(Ref. 59153)
Low vulnerability (16 of 100). 🛈
Prijsklasse
(Ref. 80766)
Unknown.
Voedingsstoffen
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 318 [152, 673] mg/100g; Iron = 1.97 [0.87, 4.12] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.8, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.073, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 39.5 [19.2, 87.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.27 [1.55, 20.48] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.22, 3.12] mg/100g (wet weight);