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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Poey.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 10 - 190 m (Ref. 55), usually 30 - 130 m (Ref. 55). Subtropical; 43°N - 4°S, 100°W - 40°W (Ref. 55228)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and eastern coast of the USA extending northward to Massachusetts, coasts of Florida (Ref. 26938), but rare north of the Carolinas. Throughout Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938). This species has been referred to as Lutjanus aya by previous authors, but Rivas (Ref. 6409) proved that Bodianus aya Bloch, 1790 is not a lutjanid, but probably a sciaenid.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 39.3, range 25 - 47.5 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 26938); common length : 60.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 55); publicerad maxvikt: 22.8 kg (Ref. 40637); rapporterad maxålder: 57 år (Ref. 48779)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 14; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8 - 9. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Specimens under 30 to 35 cm with large dark spot on the upper sides, located below the anterior soft dorsal rays.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults are found over rocky bottoms. Juveniles inhabit shallow waters, common over sand or muddy bottoms. Feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, worms, cephalopods, and some planktonic items including urochordates and gastropods. Marketed fresh and eaten steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Heavily exploited in American waters where it is now closely protected; shrimp fishing, accused of destroying young snappers, is currently restricted.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01479 (0.01317 - 0.01661), b=2.96 (2.94 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.9 ±0.72 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
6.9 (6.1 - 7.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 19 growth studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (K=0.05-0.35; tmax=57; tm=2-4.5; Fec > 1 million). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.71, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments. |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 🛈 |
Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 13.4 [7.2, 20.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.163, 0.455] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.8, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.195 [0.122, 0.314] g/100g; Selenium = 42 [23, 74] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59 [11, 265] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.245 [0.180, 0.365] mg/100g (wet weight); |