ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ: ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ / ເຂດດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / ຂອບເຂດການແຈກຢາຍ
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ pelagic-oceanic; ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍໃນສະເພາະມາະຫາສະມຸດ (Ref. 51243); ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 1 - 550 m (Ref. 58302). Subtropical; 61°N - 52°S, 99°E - 70°W
North Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to southern California and Baja California and from Sakhalin Island in the southern Sea of Okhotsk south to northern Philippines. There are four substantiated records of this subspecies in the southern hemisphere: off Western Australia, southeast Pacific (37°11'S, 114°41'W) and Gulf of Papua (Ref. 10997). The species occurs mainly in the northern Pacific but ventures into New Zealand waters for at least three months during spring and early summer (Ref. 83312).
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / ອາຍຸ
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm FL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 9340); common length : 200 cm FL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 9340); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 450.0 kg (Ref. 47525); ອາຍຸສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍລາຍງານມາ: 15 ປີ (Ref. 83312)
Mean number of gill rakers 35.9. First ventrally directed parapophysis on vertebra number 8. Dorsal wall of body cavity has a narrow bulge with lateral concavity and wide lateral trough. Caudal keels dark.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Epipelagic, usually oceanic, but seasonally coming close to shore (Ref. 168). Tolerates ample temperature intervals (Ref. 168). Forms schools by size, sometimes with other scombrids (Ref. 168). Migrates between June and September in a northward direction along the coast of Baja California, Mexico and California (Ref. 168). A voracious predator that feeds on a wide variety of small schooling fishes and squids, also on crabs crabs and to a lesser degree on sessile organisms (Ref. 168). Marketed fresh and frozen.
Collette, B.B., 1995. Scombridae. Atunes, bacoretas, bonitos, caballas, estorninos, melva, etc. p. 1521-1543. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9340)
ສະຖານະພາບບັນຊີແດງຂອງ IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ໄພຂົ່ມຂູ່ຕໍ່ມະນຸດ
Harmless
ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂອງມະນຸດ
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ມີການຄ້າສູງ; ການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ; ຊະນິດປາທີ່ຖືກນຳໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຫາເພື່ອເປັນເກມກິລາ: ແມ່ນ
ເຄື່ອງມື
ບົດລາຍງານພິເສດ
ດາວໂຫລດ XML
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
ການຄາດຄະເນໂດຍອີງໃສ່ແບບຈໍາລອງ
ດັດຊະນີຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍທາງຊີວະພາບ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01349 (0.00624 - 0.02918), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 69278) |
4.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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Generation time |
10.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 120179) |
ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (K=0.15; tm=3-5; tmax=15). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 3 full stock assessments. |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການຫາປາ (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (76 of 100). 🛈 |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງດ້ານສະພາບອາກາດ (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈 |
ປະເພດລາຄາ (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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ທາດອາຫານ (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 18.3 [10.0, 32.3] mg/100g; Iron = 2.32 [0.96, 5.79] mg/100g; Protein = 24.2 [22.7, 25.5] %; Omega3 = 0.403 [0.246, 0.662] g/100g; Selenium = 42.6 [16.1, 118.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.5 [2.9, 199.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.355 [0.211, 0.717] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |