Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; salmastro pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromo (Ref. 71039); distribuzione batimetrica 1 - 1602 m, usually 1 - 250 m (Ref. 6390). Tropical; 15°C - 31°C (Ref. 168); 50°N - 50°S, 180°W - 180°E
Worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas, but absent from the Mediterranean Sea. Highly migratory species.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 103.3, range 78 - 158 cm
Max length : 239 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 40637); common length : 150 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 168); peso massimo pubblicato: 200.0 kg (Ref. 26550); Età massima riportata: 18 anni (Ref. 137697)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 11 - 14; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 12 - 16; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 11 - 16; Vertebre: 39. This large species is distinguished by the following characters: elongate, fusiform body, slightly compressed laterally; total gill rakers on first gill arch 26-34; dorsal fins 2 and separated only by a narrow interspace, the second followed by 8-10 finlets; anal fin followed by 7 to 10 finlets; large specimens may have very long second dorsal and anal fins, becoming well over 20% of fork length; pectoral fins moderately long, usually reaching beyond second dorsal-fin origin but not beyond end of its base, usually 22-31% of FL; 2 flaps (interpelvic process) between pelvic fins; body with very small scales; corselet of larger scales developed but not very distinct; caudal peduncle very slender, bearing on each side a strong lateral keel between 2 smaller keels; no striations on ventral surface of liver; swimbladder present. Colour of back metallic dark blue changing through yellow to silver on belly; belly frequently crossed by about 20 broken, nearly vertical lines; dorsal and anal fins, and dorsal and anal finlets bright yellow, the finlets with a narrow black border (Ref. 9684).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
An oceanic species occurring above and below the thermoclines. Pelagic in open water , but rarely seen near reefs (Ref. 48637). They school primarily by size, either in monospecific or multi-species groups. Larger fish frequently school with porpoises, also associated with floating debris and other objects. Feed on fishes, crustaceans and squids. It is sensitive to low concentrations of oxygen and therefore is not usually caught below 250 m in the tropics (Ref. 28952, 30329). Peak spawning occurs during the summer, in batches (Ref. 9684, 51846). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Encircling nets are employed to catch schools near the surface (Ref. 9340). Caught mainly with longlines and purse seines. Marketed mainly fresh, frozen, canned (Ref. 9684), but also smoked (Ref. 9987). Highly valued for sashimi (Ref. 26938).
Spawn throughout the tropical and equatorial waters of the major oceans (Ref. 6390). At higher latitudes, spawning is seasonal, with peaks in summer; may continue throughout the year at lower latitudes (Ref. 6390).
Yellowfin tuna are multiple spawners, ie they spawn every few days over the spawning period (Ref. 6390). Eggs and sperm are released into the water for fertilisation (Ref. 6390).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: elevato interesse commerciale; Acquacoltura: sperimentale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01413 (0.01171 - 0.01704), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
4.4 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
2.8 (2.3 - 3.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 46 growth studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.13-0.42; tm=2-5; tmax=8; Fec=200,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.36, 95% CL = 0.24 - 0.54, Based on 9 full stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
High.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 41 [22, 86] mg/100g; Iron = 2.84 [1.17, 6.68] mg/100g; Protein = 23.7 [22.2, 25.1] %; Omega3 = 0.274 [0.166, 0.457] g/100g; Selenium = 82.4 [21.0, 256.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.6 [3.7, 227.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.524 [0.292, 0.972] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |