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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology: Sprattus: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Baron Dr Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Müller (1825–1896) was a German-born Australian botanist, geographer, explorer, physician, and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Klunzinger.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي pelagic-neritic; تغييرات عمق 28 - 110 m (Ref. 58489). Subtropical; 33°S - 51°S, 165°E - 180°E (Ref. 188)
Southwest Pacific: New Zealand.
اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 188); common length : 10.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 188)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 13 - 21; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 12 - 23; مهره ها: 43 - 47. Gill cover without bony radiating striae; tooth plate on tongue narrow, pointed at each end, its width about 4 or 5 times in length, lateral teeth moderate; scales without fine striae on exposed posterior part; back green-gray when fresh. Pterotic bulla absent. Last two anal rays normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
A schooling species found in coastal waters, from beaches down to 110 m or more. Has an apparently long spawning season (July to January) around the South Island, but not a fractional spawner. Eggs are present in mid-summer near Clutha River mouth (but samples may have included S. antipodum). More data needed.
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Eggs present in mid-summer near Clutha River mouth (but samples may also have included S. antipodum).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: معاش ماهیگیری
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5313 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00676 (0.00334 - 0.01367), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
سطح تروفیک (مرجع 69278) |
2.8 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
جهندگی (مرجع 120179) |
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100). 🛈 |
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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