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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Sardinops sagax AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Sardinops sagax
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Classification / Noms Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Sardinops: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335); sagax: From the latin word 'sagax' which means of quick perception, acute, or alert (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Jenyns.
Etymology: Sardinops: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335); sagax: From the latin word 'sagax' which means of quick perception, acute, or alert (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Jenyns.
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution Écologie
marin pelagic-neritic; océanodrome (Ref. 138310); profondeur 0 - 200 m (Ref. 188). Subtropical; 9°C - 21°C (Ref. 6390); 61°N - 47°S, 145°W - 180°E (Ref. 36641)
Distribution Territoires | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Carte par point | Introductions | Faunafri
Indo-Pacific: southern Africa to eastern Pacific (Ref. 27267). Three lineages were confirmed through cluster and parsimony analyses of haplotypic divergences: southern Africa (ocellatus) and Australia (neopilchardus); Chile (sagax); California (caeruleus); and, Japan (melanostictus) (Ref. 36641).
Longueur à la première maturité / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm 9.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.5 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 9291); common length : 20.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 188); poids max. publié: 486.00 g (Ref. 6885); âge max. reporté: 25 années (Ref. 188)
Max length : 39.5 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 9291); common length : 20.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 188); poids max. publié: 486.00 g (Ref. 6885); âge max. reporté: 25 années (Ref. 188)
Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie
Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 13 - 21; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 12 - 23; Vertèbres: 48 - 54. Body cylindrical and elongate; ventral part of operculum with clear cut bony striae radiating downwards; belly rounded with ventral scutes; back blue green; flanks white, with 1 to 3 series of dark spots along the middle (Ref. 55763). The radiating bony striae on the operculum distinguish this species from all other clupeids in the area. The radiating bony striae on the operculum distinguish this fish from all other clupeids in the area. In New Zealand the species appears to grow larger (21.3 cm standard length; cf. 19.7 cm), has slightly larger eggs and a higher mean number of vertebrae (50.52; cf. 49 to 50.08 in various samples) (Ref. 859).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Neritic (Ref. 11230). A coastal species that forms large schools (Ref. 188). Adults occur at temperatures ranging from 16° to 23°C in summer and from 10° to 18°C in winter. They feed mainly on planktonic crustaceans. Young fish feed on zooplankton such as copepod and adults on phytoplankton (Ref. 39882). Oviparous, with pelagic eggs, and pelagic larvae (Ref. 265). Possibly can live up to 25 years (Ref. 265). In the California region, pilchards make northward migrations early in summer and travel back south again in autumn. With each year of life, the migration becomes farther (Ref. 6885). Marketed fresh, frozen or canned. Utilized mainly for fish meal; but also eaten fried and broiled (Ref. 9988). Main source of landing: NE Pacific: Mexico (Ref. 4931).
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Oviparous (Ref. 265). In the Gulf of California, some individuals spawn in their first year, but most in their second (Ref. 188).
In Australia (as S. neopilchardus), this species breeds in spring and summer in southern part of range, and in summer and autumn in northern part, apparently related to seasonal movement of the limiting 14°C and 21°C isotherms, then autumn to early spring (Ref. 6390). It was believed that individual Australian pilchards only spawn once or twice in a season (Ref. 26422, 26424), but research on related species suggests that they may spawn a number of times (Ref. 6882). Batch fecundities range from about 10,000 eggs in 13 cm long females to about 45,000 eggs in females of about 18 cm (Ref. 26420).
Référence principale
Téléchargez vos références | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Préoccupation mineure (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 July 2018
CITES
Not Evaluated
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: hautement commercial; appât: usually
FAO - pêcheries: Résumé espèce, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Plus d'informations
Écologie trophique
Aliments (proies)
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Rations alimentaires
Prédateurs
Aliments (proies)
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Rations alimentaires
Prédateurs
Dynamique des populations
Paramètres de croissance
Âges / tailles maximales
Longueur-poids rel.
Rel. longueur-longueur.
Fréquences de longueurs
Conversion de masse
Recrutement
Abondance
Paramètres de croissance
Âges / tailles maximales
Longueur-poids rel.
Rel. longueur-longueur.
Fréquences de longueurs
Conversion de masse
Recrutement
Abondance
Cycle de vie
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturité/épines rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Agrégats de frai
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturité/épines rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Agrégats de frai
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Physiologie
Composition corporelle
Nutriments
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de natation
Vitesse de nage
Pigments visuels
Son de poisson
Maladies et parasites
Toxicité (CL50)
Composition corporelle
Nutriments
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de natation
Vitesse de nage
Pigments visuels
Son de poisson
Maladies et parasites
Toxicité (CL50)
Liées à l'homme
Systèmes d'aquaculture
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Cas de ciguatera
Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers
Systèmes d'aquaculture
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Cas de ciguatera
Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers
Outils
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Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pêcheries: Résumé espèce, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Bases de données nationales | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Aquariums publics | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimations basées sur des modèles
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Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf. 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00776 (0.00643 - 0.00937), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278) |
2.8 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 2.6 (2.2 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 58 growth studies. |
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Résilience (Réf. 120179) |
Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.45; tm=2; tmax=13-25; Fec=10,000). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.81, Based on 6 full stock assessments. |
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Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100). 🛈 |
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Vulnérabilité climatique (Ref. 125649) |
Low vulnerability (16 of 100). 🛈 |
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Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
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Nutriments (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 185 [49, 457] mg/100g; Iron = 2.12 [0.69, 5.66] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [17.9, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.762 [0.385, 1.536] g/100g; Selenium = 43.3 [13.0, 137.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.8 [2.9, 62.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.85 [0.57, 3.60] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |