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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 亞熱帶的; 31°N - 7°S, 99°W - 47°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Florida to northern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the entire Caribbean and the West Indies.
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣與佛羅里達東南方到巴西北部, 包括巴哈馬,整個的加勒比海與西印度群島。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 31.3 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 137577); common length : 10.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大體重: 109.00 g (Ref. 126891)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 23. Tooth-plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchials tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined length, the basibranchial tooth plate with a distinct bulge in front. Scales fairly strongly attached, not easily lost. No dark pigment on dorsal fin tip (Ref. 188). Silvery, with a dark greenish back. Diffuse yellow or pale orange spot at edge of opercle. Body slender, lower profile not strongly curved (Ref. 7251).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
在它 (基舌骨與基鰓骨齒板) 後面的舌與齒碟上的齒碟寬的, 他們的寬度大約 3 到 5 倍他們的組合長度, 基鰓骨齒碟在前面中具有一個明顯的凸起。 鱗片相當強烈地附上了, 不是容易失去。 沒有深色的在背鰭頂端上.(參考文獻 188) 銀色的, 具有一個黑的呈綠色的背面。 在鰓蓋的邊緣的擴散黃色或淡橘色斑點。 身體細長又低的輪廓不強烈的彎曲.(參考文獻 7251)
Occurs in coastal waters, estuaries and lagoons, tolerating low salinities. Can tolerate a broad range of salinity levels (Ref. 26938). Forms schools, small individuals often along sandy beaches. Its flesh has an unpleasant odor. Utilized as fishmeal (Ref. 5217).
出現於被容忍低的鹽度的沿岸水域,河口與潟湖。 能容忍鹽度的大範圍。 (參考文獻 26938) 形成魚群, 小的個體時常沿著沙灘。 它的肉有不愉快的氣味。 用來作魚粉了。 (參考文獻 5217)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣與佛羅里達東南方到巴西北部, 包括巴哈馬,整個的加勒比海與西印度群島。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 August 2012
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: usually
工具
特別的報告
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00851 (0.00758 - 0.00956), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 64.6 [30.1, 127.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.50, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.8, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.39 [0.21, 0.71] g/100g; Selenium = 14.5 [6.7, 31.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.7 [20.2, 208.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.7, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight); |