Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger, 1906)
Lake Tanganyika sardine
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Limnothrissa miodon
图片提供人 Mohamed, A.D.
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图片提供人 Mohamed, A.D.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Limnothrissa: Greek, limne = swamp + Greek, thrissa, es = shad (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.
Etymology: Limnothrissa: Greek, limne = swamp + Greek, thrissa, es = shad (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Africa: endemic to Lake Tanganyika (Ref. 188, 28136, 107916), but introduced into several other lakes, like Lake Kivu, Lake Kariba and Cahora Bassa reservoir (Ref. 188, 7248, 28136, 52193, 107916). Also reported as Microthrissa stappersii from Lake Mweru (Ref. 246, 52958), but this is based on an erroneous type locality of the species (Ref. 26733).
非洲: 坦噶尼喀湖, 但是引入一些其他的湖 (基伍湖，卡裡巴湖與卡布拉巴薩水庫) 中了. 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
非洲: 坦噶尼喀湖, 但是引入一些其他的湖 (基伍湖，卡裡巴湖與卡布拉巴薩水庫) 中了. 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 6.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 36901); common length : 10.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4967); 最大体重: 40.00 g (Ref. 36901)
Max length : 17.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 36901); common length : 10.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4967); 最大体重: 40.00 g (Ref. 36901)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 18; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 19; 脊椎骨: 41 - 44. Diagnosis: Body fairly slender, depth about 22-24% of standard length; pre-pelvic scutes not strongly keeled, beginning behind base of last pectoral fin ray; maxilla blade over 4 times as long as its shaft, its lower toothed edge continued forward to meet hind tip of pre-maxilla; second supra-maxilla asymmetrical, lower half larger; lower gillrakers long and slender, 35-40; a distinct silver stripe along flank (Ref. 188, 1878). Its synonym Limnothrissa stappersii is characterised by fewer lower gill rakers, 22-25, fewer anal fin rays, 15-17, and the absence of scutes, and represents possibly a juvenile form of L. miodon (Ref. 188, 26733). It resembles Stolothrissa tanganicae of Lake Tanganyika, which is more slender, has a small eye and a shorter maxilla blade not reaching forward to hind tip of premaxilla (Ref. 188).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
身体非常细长的。 前腹鳍鳞甲不有明显的龙骨,在最后胸鳍鳍条的基底后面开始。 超过 4 的颚骨叶片倍长于它的轴,继续的它的低有齿的边缘向前到前颚骨的适宜后部顶端; 第二个上颚骨不对称的, 下半部比较大的。 下鳃耙长且细的。 一条明显的银色斑纹沿着侧面。 吻宽的有尖端细的侧边, 不凹曲当从上方看了。 它有一个大的气管是它的能力的原因移动大的垂直距离。
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
身体非常细长的。 前腹鳍鳞甲不有明显的龙骨,在最后胸鳍鳍条的基底后面开始。 超过 4 的颚骨叶片倍长于它的轴,继续的它的低有齿的边缘向前到前颚骨的适宜后部顶端; 第二个上颚骨不对称的, 下半部比较大的。 下鳃耙长且细的。 一条明显的银色斑纹沿着侧面。 吻宽的有尖端细的侧边, 不凹曲当从上方看了。 它有一个大的气管是它的能力的原因移动大的垂直距离。
Inhabits offshore areas of lake Tanganyika; also occurs at rivermouths, where the water is not too muddy and not very different physico-chemically from the Lake (Ref. 5393); lacustrine, forming large schools (Ref. 188, 7248), preferring open water (Ref. 13337). It has been successfully introduced to Lake Kivu, Lake Kariba and Cahora Bassa reservoir (Ref. 4967); found throughout Lake Kariba in both inshore habitats and open water to a depth of 20-35 m depending on the thermocline (Ref. 7248, 52193). Feeds on plankton, especially atyid shrimps, also copepods and prawns, but larger individuals apparently take larval Stolothrissa (Ref. 188). Cannibalism does occur (Ref. 13337). Breeds close to the shore throughout the rainy seasons, but with peaks in May/June and December/January (Ref. 188). Fire is used to attract the fish and caught by means of scoop nets (Ref. 36900). Used widely as bait by anglers, especially for tigerfish (Ref. 7248, 52193).
近岸与在海湾中。 非常普遍, 已经成功地引进了湖卡瓦胡椒， Kariba 与 Carbora bass.(参考文献 4967) 一个湖泊的鱼种, 偏爱开放水域.(参考文献 13337) 形成大群鱼群。 主要夜行并且吃浮游生物 (尤其匙指虾，也吃桡足类, 虾), 但是较大的个体吃仔鱼 Stolothrissa. 嗜食同类确实出现。 (参考文献 13337) 繁殖接近海岸整个雨季, 在五月到六月与十二月到一月但是有峰巅。 火被用来吸引鱼而且被勺形网的方法捕获.(参考文献 36900)
近岸与在海湾中。 非常普遍, 已经成功地引进了湖卡瓦胡椒， Kariba 与 Carbora bass.(参考文献 4967) 一个湖泊的鱼种, 偏爱开放水域.(参考文献 13337) 形成大群鱼群。 主要夜行并且吃浮游生物 (尤其匙指虾，也吃桡足类, 虾), 但是较大的个体吃仔鱼 Stolothrissa. 嗜食同类确实出现。 (参考文献 13337) 繁殖接近海岸整个雨季, 在五月到六月与十二月到一月但是有峰巅。 火被用来吸引鱼而且被勺形网的方法捕获.(参考文献 36900)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Breeds close to the shore during the rainy seasons, but with peaks in May/June and December/January (Ref. 188).非洲: 坦噶尼喀湖, 但是引入一些其他的湖 (基伍湖，卡裡巴湖與卡布拉巴薩水庫) 中了. 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
潜能有害之物 (Ref. 13055)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 诱饵: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00708 (0.00394 - 0.01273), b=3.00 (2.85 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
1.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.86-1.2). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (12 of 100). 🛈 |
|
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
|
营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 367 [118, 1,086] mg/100g; Iron = 4.89 [2.26, 10.19] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.641 [0.187, 2.294] g/100g; Selenium = 117 [37, 355] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.4 [4.2, 76.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.88 [2.16, 7.09] mg/100g (wet weight); |