Tenualosa ilisha, Hilsa shad : fisheries, aquaculture

Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822)

Hilsa shad
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Tenualosa ilisha   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Tenualosa ilisha (Hilsa shad)
Tenualosa ilisha
Bild av Randall, J.E.

Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Tenualosa: Latin, tenuis = thin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hamilton.

Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi

marina; sötvatten; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; anadrom (Ref. 127664); djupintervall ? - 200 m. Tropical; 34°N - 26°S, 42°E - 110°E

Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and Persian Gulf, east to Vietnam.

Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder

Könsmognad: Lm 31.3, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 188); common length : 36.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 4832); common length :42 cm TL (female); publicerad maxvikt: 680.00 g (Ref. 4832); publicerad maxvikt: 680.00 g; rapporterad maxålder: 5 år (Ref. 43871)

Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 18 - 21; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 18 - 23. Belly with 30 to 33 scutes. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. Gill rakers fine and numerous, about 100 to 250 on lower part of arch. Fins hyaline. A dark blotch behind gill opening, followed by a series of small spots along flank in juveniles. Color in life, silver shot with gold and purple.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Schooling in coastal waters and ascending rivers for as much as 1200 km (usually 50-100 km). Migration though is sometimes restricted by barrages. Hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers seem to be permanent river populations. Feeds on plankton, mainly by filtering, but apparently also by grubbing on muddy bottoms. Breeds mainly in rivers during the southwest monsoon (also from January to February to March). Artificial propagation has been partially successful in India (Ref. 4832). Known to be a fast swimmer, covering 71 km in one day (Ref. 12203). Marketed fresh or dried-salted.

Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver

Breeds mainly in rivers, upstream to about 50 km or even over 1000 km as in the Ganges (younger fishes may breed in the tidal zone of rivers). In some rivers the migration is restricted by barrages; there is some evidence that hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers, although migrating upstream to spawn, are permanent river populations that do not descend to the sea. The main breeding season is during the southwest monsoon, with a shorter season from January to February or March.

Huvudreferens Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Hot mot människor

  Harmless





Mänskliga användningsområden

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Vattenbruk: experimentell
FAO - fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Havet omkring oss

Ytterligare information

Trofisk ekologi
Livsmedelsartiklar (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Matransoner
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Populationsdynamik
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Utbredning
Territorier
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videor
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Genetik
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Uppsökande verksamhet
Medarbetare
referenser
referenser

Verktyg

Särskilda rapporter

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Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register

Uppskattningar baserade på modeller

Index för fylogenetisk mångfald
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00871 (0.00770 - 0.00985), b=3.05 (3.02 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå
(Ref. 69278)
2.9   ±0.22 se; based on food items.
Resiliens
(Ref. 120179)
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.3-1.2; tmax=5; tm=2; Fec=220,000).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Sårbarhet i fisket
(Ref. 59153)
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈
Sårbarhet för klimatet
(Ref. 125649)
Very high vulnerability (84 of 100). 🛈
Priskategori
(Ref. 80766)
High.
Näringsämnen
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 67.3 [52.4, 88.0] mg/100g; Iron = 2.07 [1.20, 3.36] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.619 [0.299, 1.262] g/100g; Selenium = 55 [24, 131] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.3 [5.8, 45.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.09 [0.70, 1.79] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.