ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ: ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ / ເຂດດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / ຂອບເຂດການແຈກຢາຍ
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ pelagic-neritic; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 5 - ? m (Ref. 12166). Tropical; 39°N - 1°S, 103°E - 138°E (Ref. 54449)
Indo-Pacific: Indian Ocean (Kuwait Bay and Pondicherry), Java Sea (Singapore), East China Sea (Canton north to the Koreas and southern Japan, as far as Osaka on the Pacific coast and Fukuoka in Sea of Japan, also Peter the Great Bay in Soviet waters).
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / ອາຍຸ
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 56557); common length : 30.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 27773); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 140.00 g (Ref. 4883)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 0; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 43 - 53. Body slender, belly with usually 24 to 25 + 10 to 15, total 34 to 42 scutes. Eye large, lower jaw projecting. Dorsal fin origin at about midpoint of body or a little behind; anal fin origin a little behind dorsal fin base. Swim bladder with a long tube passing back down right side of body above anal fin base.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Found inshore, entering estuaries and presumably able to tolerate lowered salinities; also found in semi-enclosed sea areas (Ref. 11230). A warm-water species that does not reach the northern part of its range in cool years. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
ສະຖານະພາບບັນຊີແດງຂອງ IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ໄພຂົ່ມຂູ່ຕໍ່ມະນຸດ
Harmless
ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂອງມະນຸດ
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ມີການຄ້າສູງ
ເຄື່ອງມື
ບົດລາຍງານພິເສດ
ດາວໂຫລດ XML
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
ການຄາດຄະເນໂດຍອີງໃສ່ແບບຈໍາລອງ
ດັດຊະນີຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍທາງຊີວະພາບ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00692 (0.00445 - 0.01076), b=3.02 (2.89 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 69278) |
3.8 ±0.61 se; based on food items. |
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 120179) |
ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (tm=2; Tmax=6-7; K=0.2-0.4). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.88, 95% CL = 0.58 - 1.32, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments. |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການຫາປາ (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100). 🛈 |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງດ້ານສະພາບອາກາດ (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈 |
ປະເພດລາຄາ (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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ທາດອາຫານ (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 104 [61, 212] mg/100g; Iron = 1.41 [0.84, 2.22] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.1, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.364 [0.193, 0.671] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [22.8, 87.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.5 [8.1, 52.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.82, 1.60] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |