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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Pristigasteridae (Pristigasterids)
Etymology: Chirocentrodon: Greek, cheir = hand + Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Pieter Bleeker (1819–1878) was an ichthyologist and army surgeon commissioned (1841) by the Dutch East India Company. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Poey.
Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien; brak water pelagic-neritic; diepte 20 - 60 m (Ref. 12225). Tropical; 24°N - 25°S, 90°W - 32°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad; Panama and coasts of Venezuela, including off Orinoco mouth, Guyana, Suriname south to Ubatuba, near Santos, Brazil. Antilles and southern Caribbean from Yucatan to Santos, Brazil (Ref. 26938).
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm 7.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.1 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 118626); common length : 9.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5217); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 19.30 g (Ref. 118626)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 38 - 44. Belly with 16 or 17 (rarely 19) + 9 to 11, total 26 to 28 (rarely 30) scutes. Lower jaw not strongly projecting; strong conical teeth in both jaws, continued as large and small teeth along maxilla blade. Easily recognized by large, canine-like teeth in both jaws (Ref. 26938). Dorsal fin origin behind midpoint of body; anal fin moderately long, its origin below or in front of dorsal fin origin.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs in coastal areas, but also in lagoons and off river mouths, perhaps entering water of lowered salinity (Ref. 12225). In Southwestern Atlantic preys on proportionally large clupeoid fishes and caridean shrimps. Fishes are distinctively folded in the stomachs of this herring, in about 90% of the cases with their heads and tails pointing head-wards the predator. This herring stands out as the only small-sized species among the predaceous fish-eating clupeiforms. The well developed canine-like teeth are likely related to a piscivorous diet and may play a role in the folding and orientation of fish during prey handling and swallowing (Ref. 51383). Spawns during the northern winter (Ref. 37032).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: visserij voor eigen gebruik
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00427 (0.00298 - 0.00611), b=3.02 (2.92 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278) |
3.3 ±0.43 se; based on food items. |
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179) |
Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (14 of 100). 🛈 |
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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