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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Hymenocephalus: Named for its transparent membrane-like head covering (‘‘hymen head’’) and fragile nature of head bones (Ref. 100825).
Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien benthopelagisch; standvastig; diepte 100 - 1400 m (Ref. 3587). Subtropical; 43°N - 20°S, 97°W - 35°E (Ref. 1371)
Widespread: common in the tropical western Atlantic; Eastern Atlantic: from Portugal to Angola), the Mediterranean. Western Indian Ocean: off southern Somalia to Zanzibar, off Mozambique to Durban, along the Mascarene Ridge and off Maldives (Ref. 98298); including Gulf of Aden and Zanzibar (Ref. 26165).
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm 2.7, range 3 - 4 cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3397); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 9 Jaren (Ref. 58045)
Cross section: compressed.
Most common at depths less than 500 m (Ref. 1371). Feeds predominantly on pelagic copepods, to a lesser extent on euphausiids and gammarian amphipods, and to a minor extent on shrimps, ostracods, cumaceans, other small crustaceans, and small fish (Ref. 1371). Due to its small size, it is not of significant interest to fisheries (Ref. 1371).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00162 (0.00100 - 0.00264), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278) |
3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179) |
Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.18; tmax=9). |
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100). 🛈 |
Voedingsstoffen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 61.2 [28.1, 133.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.77 [0.40, 1.46] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [14.9, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.122, 0.517] g/100g; Selenium = 49 [19, 110] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.1 [7.2, 127.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.66, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight); |