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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macruronidae (Blue grenadiers)
Etymology: Macruronus: Greek, makros = great + Greek, onos = hake.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; محيطية; نطاق العمق 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 26566), usually 200 - 700 m (Ref. 9563). Subtropical; 15°S - 55°S, 111°E - 173°W (Ref. 58452)
Southwest Pacific: New Zealand and southern Australia.
الطول عند النضج الأول / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm 67.5, range 65 - 70 cm
Max length : 120 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1371); 130.0 cm TL (female); common length : 80.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1371); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 1.5 kg (Ref. 1371); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 1.5 kg; العمر: 25 سنين (Ref. 6390)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 12 - 13; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 96 - 106; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 89 - 93; فقرات: 78 - 81. Dorsal surface silvery, with a purple or blue-green tinge; plank and belly silvery; fins darker. Body very elongate and compressed with a tapering tail, dorsal and anal fins confluent with the caudal fin (Ref. 33856).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Appear to live usually on or near the bottom, but may occasionally move up into mid-waters. Large adult fish generally occur deeper than 400 m, while juveniles may be found in shallower water (Ref. 9072), more commonly found in large estuaries and bays, and may even enter freshwaters (Ref. 1371). Juvenile specimens and especially adults belonging to the American subspecies, have been caught from the coastal zone to 110 m (Ref. 58452). Form schools. Feed primarily on lantern fishes. In New Zealand, it feeds in midwater on small fish, crustaceans and squid. Oviparous, spawn 1 million eggs on the average which are released all at one time (Ref. 6390). Utilized fresh and frozen; can be steamed, fried, cooked in microwave and baked (Ref. 9988).
Female blue grenadier produce about 1 million eggs on average, which are all released at once (Ref. 6390).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: ذو قيمة تاجرية عالية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00389 (0.00222 - 0.00681), b=2.98 (2.82 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
مستوى غذائي (مرجع 69278) |
4.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
6.1 (5.2 - 8.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 18 growth studies. |
المرونه (مرجع 120179) |
منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.12-0.2; tm=3-7; tmax=25; Fec = 1,000,000). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.29, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.44, Based on 3 full stock assessments. |
ضعف الصيد (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100). 🛈 |
قابلية التأثر بالمناخ (Ref. 125649) |
High vulnerability (61 of 100). 🛈 |
فئة السعر (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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المغذيات (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 26.4 [12.3, 56.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.629 [0.299, 1.299] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.5, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.224 [0.105, 0.456] g/100g; Selenium = 62.1 [26.1, 122.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.2 [5.4, 54.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.541 [0.348, 0.866] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |