Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino pelagic-oceanic; non migratori; distribuzione batimetrica 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 69°N - 24°N, 18°W - 17°E
Northeast Atlantic: found in the western Mediterranean and in the Atlantic around the Strait of Gibraltar and to the south along the Moroccan coast.
Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.1 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 128593); common length : 10.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 1371); peso massimo pubblicato: 48.98 g (Ref. 128593); Età massima riportata: 3.00 anni (Ref. 1371)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Spine anali: 0. Eyes large; mouth oblique; chin barbel absent. Color varies from pink to light brown dorsally, silvery on sides and ventrally (Ref. 1371). Scales large, silvery and easily detached. Lateral line ends in 7 open mucus grooves on the upper side of the head (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Occurs in large schools over mud, muddy sand, gravel and rock bottoms. Feeds on small crustaceans and maybe worms. Preyed upon by other valuable fish (Ref. 1371). Spawns in the winter in the western Mediterranean and in the spring farther north (Ref. 35388).
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
The major spawning grounds are located in the western part of the Mediterranean, on both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar, in deep water.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; esca: usually
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00661 (0.00558 - 0.00782), b=3.08 (3.03 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
5.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.19-0.50; tmax=3.0). |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 61.8 [31.4, 132.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.524 [0.258, 1.013] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.3, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.96 [0.45, 2.06] g/100g; Selenium = 12.2 [5.0, 31.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.4 [5.5, 106.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.755 [0.473, 1.180] mg/100g (wet weight); |