Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten pelagic-oceanic; djupintervall 22 - 500 m (Ref. 58489), usually ? - 150 m (Ref. 9072). Subtropical; 23°S - 50°S, 112°E - 176°W
Southwest Pacific: Australia and New Zealand waters. Two subpopulations probably exist in the Great Australian Bight and southeastern Australia, respectively, and two species or subspecies in the southeastern group (Ref. 7456).
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 20.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 33839); common length : 35.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9258); rapporterad maxålder: 25 år (Ref. 9072)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 9; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 27 - 33; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 22 - 29; Ryggkotor: 24. Adults are elongate and compressed, and have a primary lateral line with 67-81 scutes, a secondary lateral line reaching to dorsal-fin ray 2, and a yellow caudal fin.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur in coastal waters, including estuaries (Ref. 9563), mostly in waters shallower than 150 m and warmer than 13°C (Ref. 9072). Commonly found on the bottom, in midwater and occasionally at the surface (Ref. 9258), in large schools (Ref. 33616). Adults are generally found over offshore rocky reefs, while juveniles are generally found in shallow, soft substrate areas (Ref. 6390). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja; bete: usually
Verktyg
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01778 (0.01035 - 0.03056), b=2.99 (2.84 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.2 ±0.40 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.30; tm=3-4; tmax=25). |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 263 [161, 434] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [2.23, 6.42] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [19.0, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.383 [0.249, 0.578] g/100g; Selenium = 26.8 [14.7, 49.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.05 [2.13, 29.13] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.37 [1.72, 3.33] mg/100g (wet weight); |