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Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: J W Graham (no other information available) collected the type in a hot soda lake in Kenya. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Boulenger.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; pH range: 7.5 - 8.5; dH range: 10 - 20. Tropical; 24°C - 32°C (Ref. 2060); 1°S - 2°S
Africa: Lake Magadi in Kenya (Ref. 52331). Introduced in Lake Nakuru and Lake Elmenteita, both in Kenya (Ref. 52331). Reported as introduced to Lake Natron in Tanzania (Ref. 13364), but there is currently no evidence that any introduction led to establishment of breeding populations (Ref. 118638).
الطول عند النضج الأول / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ?, range 3 - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 11 - 13; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 12 - 13; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 9 - 11; فقرات: 28. Mature females with an overall golden hue; males with the flanks a pale blue. Swollen and brilliant white lateral parts of the lower lip of the mature male. Blue spots on scales becoming iridescent. Genital papilla conical, prominent and yellow in the mature male; swollen in the mature female. An oblique eye-bar intensely black in the breeding male, duller in the female.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Occur at temperatures ranging from 16.0-40.0 °C (Ref. 2). Feed actively in the evening. Young O. alcalicus grahami eat eggs as they are shed by the female, and much of the time and energy of the territorial male is occupied in driving them off. Feed on invertebrates, at the surface (Ref. 2).
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Male prepares a breeding pit, the structure of which may vary with the nature of the substratum. Breeding activities are more actively pursued by both sexes in the morning than in the afternoon. Female lays about 3-10 eggs at a time, picks them up instantly and the male swims with his genital papilla near the mouth, probably emitting sperm. Brooding period reportedly 12-16 days.
Seegers, L. and H. Tichy, 1999. The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
في خطر (EN) (B1ab(i,ii,iii)); Date assessed: 16 June 2022
استخدامات بشرية
حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01862 (0.00830 - 0.04177), b=3.02 (2.83 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
مستوى غذائي (مرجع 69278) |
2.8 ±0.28 se; based on food items. |
المرونه (مرجع 120179) |
عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
ضعف الصيد (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100). 🛈 |