Mobula birostris, Oceanic manta ray : fisheries

Mobula birostris (Walbaum, 1792)

Oceanic manta ray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Mobula birostris   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Mobula birostris (Oceanic manta ray)
Mobula birostris
Foto de Marshall, A.

Clasificación / Nombres Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Mobulidae (Devilrays)
More on author: Walbaum.

Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología

marino asociado a arrecife; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 106604). Subtropical; 42°N - 38°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 55255)

Distribución Territorios | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Mapa de puntos | Introducciones | Faunafri

Circumglobal, tropical to temperate: in the Northern Hemisphere, as far north as southern California and Rhode Island on the United States west and east coasts, Mutsu Bay, Aomori, Japan, the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt and the Azores Islands; in the Southern Hemisphere, as far south as Peru, Uruguay, South Africa and New Zealand. In some locations, including Mozambique, it is sympatric with Manta alfredi.

Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad

Madurez: Lm 422.0, range 380 - 460 cm
Max length : 910 cm WD macho / no sexado; (Ref. 58048); common length : 450 cm WD macho / no sexado; (Ref. 3176); peso máximo publicado: 3.0 t (Ref. 5377); edad máxima reportada: 20 años (Ref. 31742)

Descripción breve Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

A giant ray having an extremely broad head with long head fins, and a terminal mouth; upper surface of disc covered with denticles, and tail usually without a spine (Ref. 5578). Blackish above, sometimes with white shoulder patches; white below, with grey edging on disc (Ref. 5578). Tail whiplike but short (Ref. 7251).
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Mainly in near-shore waters, near coral and rocky reefs; sometimes found over deep water (Ref. 12951). Reported along productive coastlines with regular upwelling, oceanic island groups and offshore pinnacles and seamounts (Ref. 82755). Penetrates shallow muddy bays and the intertidal and occurs off river mouths (Ref. 9911). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Occurs singly or in loose aggregations (Ref. 12951). Mainly plankton feeders, but may feed on small and moderate-sized fishes as well (Ref. 9911). Leaps out the water mainly in spring and autumn, possibly as part of mating behavior (Ref. 31742). Easily approached (Ref. 9911). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 6902). Commonly caught by tuna gillnet and harpoon fisheries. Utilized for its gill filter plates (very high value), meat, cartilage and skin (Ref.58048). Liver yields oil and skin used as abrasive (Ref. 6902). World's largest ray (Ref. 37816).

Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Bears up to 2 young (Ref. 5578); born at 122-127 cm WD (Ref.58048). A female of 550 cm width and weighing 1050 kg was collected in the Galapagos in June and was carrying a well-developed embryo of 12.7 kg (Ref. 28023). Size at partuition might be from 1.1 to 1.3 m and from 9.1 to 1.14 kg (Ref. 31742). Yano et al (1999) (Ref. 35892) describe the mating behavior of manta rays based on observations off Ogasawara Islands, Japan, in the following sequence: 1) 'chasing', the male rapidly follows behind the tail of the female and attacks her several times; 2) 'nipping', the male nips the tip of the pectoral fin of the female and then moves to the ventral surface of the female; 3) 'copulating', the male inserts a clasper into the cloacaof the female and copulates abdomen-to-abdomen, up to 123 seconds; 4) 'post-copulating'; 5) 'separating'. (Ref. 49562).

Referencia principal Suba sus referencias | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Endangered (EN) (A2bcd+3d); Date assessed: 12 November 2019

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix I & II: Endangered migratory species conserved through agreements

Amenaza para el ser humano

  Harmless (Ref. 9911)





Usos humanos

Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Ecología Trófica
Alimentos (presas)
Composición de la dieta
consumo de alimento
Raciones de comida
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Ecología
Ecología
Dinámica de la población
Coeficiente del crecimiento para
Edades / tallas máximas
Longitud-peso rel.
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Reclutamiento
Abundancia
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Fecundidad
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heritabilidad
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Relacionados con el ser humano
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Herramientas

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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Bases de datos nacionales | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico

Estimaciones basadas en modelos

Índice de diversidad filogenética
(Referencia 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico
(Referencia 69278) 		3.5   ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time 7.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
Resiliencia
(Referencia 120179) 		Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (tm=6; tmax>20; Fec=1).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera
(Ref. 59153) 		High vulnerability (62 of 100). 🛈
Categoría de precios
(Ref. 80766) 		Medium.
Nutrientes
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 2.4 [0.4, 10.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.339 [0.080, 0.946] mg/100g; Protein = 23 [18, 28] %; Omega3 = 0.1 [0.0, 0.4] g/100g; Selenium = 26.2 [7.4, 97.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.6 [3.1, 37.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.305 [0.144, 0.613] mg/100g (wet weight);