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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Torpedo torpedo AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Torpedinidae (Electric rays)
Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 2 - 400 m (Ref. 4430), usually ? - 70 m (Ref. 27000). 深水域; 48°N - 18°S, 19°W - 38°E (Ref. 114953)
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: southern Bay of Biscay and throughout the Mediterranean to Angola. Most common in tropical waters.
東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部與在地中海到安哥拉各處。 常見於熱帶水域。
東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部與在地中海到安哥拉各處。 常見於熱帶水域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 13417); 41.0 cm TL (female); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 13417); common length :39 cm TL (female)
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 13417); 41.0 cm TL (female); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 13417); common length :39 cm TL (female)
Found on soft bottoms, usually inshore but occasionally deeper. Feeds on small fishes and also benthic invertebrates. Ovoviviparous, with 3-21 in a litter (Ref. 12951, Ref. 114953). Size at birth 9 cm (Ref. 12951). Capable of inflicting a severe shock of up to 200 volts.
栖息于软质底部了, 通常近海但是偶然比较深的。 吃小鱼以及底栖的无脊椎动物。 卵胎生的, 有三个 -21 一胎.(参考文献 12951) 出生时的大小 9 公分。 (参考文献 12951) 能够施放向上到的严重惊吓 200 伏特。
栖息于软质底部了, 通常近海但是偶然比较深的。 吃小鱼以及底栖的无脊椎动物。 卵胎生的, 有三个 -21 一胎.(参考文献 12951) 出生时的大小 9 公分。 (参考文献 12951) 能够施放向上到的严重惊吓 200 伏特。
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部與在地中海到安哥拉各處。 常見於熱帶水域。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Carvalho, Marcelo | 合作者
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Raies et autres batoides. p. 845-886. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identificationpour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Mèditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3261)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
另外地 (Ref. 4690)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01549 (0.01193 - 0.02011), b=2.95 (2.88 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 10.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.11). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100). 🛈 |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 9.24 [1.57, 48.04] mg/100g; Iron = 0.362 [0.085, 1.136] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [12.8, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.419 [0.157, 0.972] g/100g; Selenium = 9.34 [2.94, 27.66] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20 [4, 94] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.311 [0.151, 0.581] mg/100g (wet weight); |