Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 15 - 400 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 45°N - 15°S, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea (Ref. 12382); Mauritania to Angola, including Madeira, Cape Verde and the Canary Islands (Ref. 5979).
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 20.4  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 27584); common length : 13.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3397); peso massimo pubblicato: 700.00 g (Ref. 27584); Età massima riportata: 6 anni (Ref. 127561)
Breve descrizione
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 85 - 95; Raggi anali molli: 63 - 73. The scales on the eyed side are ctenoid and cycloid on the blind side. The inter-orbital width is much wider in males. The upper pectoral fin rays are not prolonged. The subspecies in the Mediterranean and African coast, P. podas has 75-86 lateral line scales, with 13-20 scales making up the curved portion. Its eyed side has alight brown color, bearing darker spots. The subspecies in Madeira and the Canaries, B. p. maderensis, has 88-91 lateral line scales, with 20-21 on the lateral line curve. Its eyed side appears dark brown to dark violet and seldom spotted.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: flattened.
Found in shallow waters, over sandy and muddy bottoms of the continental plateau (Ref. 5377, 12382). Feeds on benthic small fishes and invertebrates. Reproduction occurs between May and August. Small individuals adapt well in aquariums but require sufficient bottom areas (Ref. 12382).
Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00891 (0.00710 - 0.01119), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.4 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.43; tmax=6; tm=1.67;). |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 68.8 [28.8, 130.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.851 [0.417, 1.517] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.6, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.112, 0.389] g/100g; Selenium = 37.7 [18.6, 80.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.51 [2.40, 36.37] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.65 [0.44, 0.94] mg/100g (wet weight); |