分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全頭亞綱 (銀鮫科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras)
銀鮫目 (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
短鼻銀鮫科 (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Chimaera: Named for the mythological creature composed of parts of multiple animals, referring to their odd mix of characteristics (See ETYFish); monstrosa: Latin for strange or grotesque, referring to its strange appearance, as if composed of parts of multiple animals (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 40 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 4443). 深水域; 75°N - 27°N, 32°W - 35°E
Northeast Atlantic (widespread), including the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Mediterranean Sea.
東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島,史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ,亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ,日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 45.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388); 最大體重: 2.5 kg (Ref. 4645)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Bathydemersal to benthopelagic generally between 300 and 500 m depth. Found in the upper continental slope. Usually found in deeper waters in southern latitudes, while making a summer inshore migration up to 40-100 m in the northern areas. Sluggish, usually occurring in small groups. Feeds mainly on bottom-living invertebrates. The single dorsal spine is sharp and pointed, and although only mildly venomous can inflict a painful wound. Oviparous. Males have a clasper on the forehead that is probably used to hold on to the female during copulation. Egg capsules are about 17 cm long; young look alike adults and hatch when 10 cm long. Common by-catch when trawling for shrimps in the North Sea or Skaggerak.
對大洋底棲性魚種的深海底棲性通常在 300 與 500 公尺深之間。 發現於大陸坡上層了。 南方的緯度的通常發現於較深的水域,在區域北部中當進行夏天近岸迴游向上到 40-100 公尺。 緩動性的, 通常出現在小群魚群。 主要吃底棲無脊椎動物。 單一背棘是銳利而尖的, 而且雖然只有溫和的有毒能施放令人痛苦的創傷。 卵生的。 雄姓在前額有一個鰭腳可能,那是用來在連結的時候抱住母魚。 卵鞘是大約 17 公分長; 幼魚形似成魚而且孵化當 10 公分長的。 經常被誤捕當拖網對於蝦在北海或 Skaggerak 中。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous; egg-capsules slender, club-shaped with narrow lateral membranes and a horny filament at the long pointed end, 17 cm long and 3 cm wide; deposited mainly in spring and summer. The embryos developing in about 9-12 months and hatch at 10 cm length. 東大西洋: 挪威北部與冰島,史卡基拉克海域與 Kattegat 南至摩洛哥包括地中海西部 (一些孤立的來自東部的紀錄) ,亞速群島與馬得拉群島。 來自南非的紀錄是可疑的。 記錄來自 Oshima ,日本 (FMNH 89161)了。 (參考文獻 27954)
Krefft, G., 1990. Chimaeridae. p. 111-113. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4443)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受傷害 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 02 September 2019
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00257 (0.00156 - 0.00424), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
16.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec <100;). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100). 🛈 |
氣候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 7.33 [2.04, 25.54] mg/100g; Iron = 0.33 [0.11, 0.85] mg/100g; Protein = 14.7 [9.9, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.239 [0.093, 0.622] g/100g; Selenium = 22 [6, 73] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.79 [1.22, 27.56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.169, 0.636] mg/100g (wet weight); |