Alopias vulpinus, Thresher : fisheries, gamefish

Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788)

Thresher
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Alopias vulpinus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Alopias vulpinus (Thresher)
Alopias vulpinus
Bild av S. Iglesels et al

Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) > Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) > Alopiidae (Thresher sharks)
Etymology: Alopias: From alopex, Greek for fox, referring to the ancient vernacular “fox shark,” from its supposed cunning (ancients believed that when it took a bait, it swallowed the hook until it got to the cord, which it bit off and so escaped) (See ETYFish); vulpinus: Latin for fox-like (as for genus) (See ETYFish).
More on author: Bonnaterre.

Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi

marina pelagic-oceanic; havsvandrande (Ref. 87829); djupintervall 0 - 650 m (Ref. 106604), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 55168). Subtropical; 74°N - 58°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54279)

Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas (Ref. 6871, 58085). Population considered reduced (R) in the US Atlantic waters; lower risk/conservation dependent (LR/CD) in US Pacific waters; data deficient (DD) in the rest of Atlantic and rest of Pacific (Ref. 12451). Highly migratory species.

Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder

Könsmognad: Lm 351.0, range 226 - 400 cm
Max length : 573 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 106604); 549.0 cm TL (female); common length : 450 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217); publicerad maxvikt: 348.0 kg (Ref. 40637); rapporterad maxålder: 25 år (Ref. 81241)

Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0. A large thresher with relatively small eyes, curved, narrow-tipped pectoral fins, a narrow-tipped caudal fin, and a conspicuous white patch over the pectoral fin bases (Ref. 5578). Second dorsal origin well behind the rear tip of the pelvic fin (Ref. 559). Upper lobe of caudal fin very long and strap-like, about as long as or longer than length of rest of shark; lower lobe short but well developed (Ref. 13570). Brown, grey, blue-grey, or blackish on back and underside of snout, lighter on sides and abruptly white below; a white area extends from the abdomen over the pectoral-fin bases; pectoral-, pelvic-, and dorsal fins blackish, white dots sometimes present on pectoral-, pelvic-, and caudal- fin tips (Ref. 13570).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Coastal over continental and insular shelves and epipelagic far from land (Ref. 30573, 43278, 58302). Oceanic although most abundant near land, pelagic at 1-366 m (Ref. 58302). Young often close inshore and in shallow bays (Ref. 5578). Feeds on schooling fishes (including mackerels, bluefishes, clupeids, needlefishes, lancetfishes and lanternfishes), squid, octopi, pelagic crustaceans, and rarely seabirds (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 43278, 50449). Uses its long caudal fin to bunch up and stun prey (Ref. 2850). Spatial and depth segregation by sex in northwestern Indian Ocean populations (Ref. 247). A few attacks on boats are doubtfully attributed to this species, but it is otherwise apparently harmless to humans, though the size of adults of this species command respect (Ref. 247). May cause damage to fishing gear (Ref. 6885). Valued for its meat, liver, hide, and fins; utilized fresh, dried-salted, smoked, and frozen (Ref. 9987).

Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver

Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on the ova produced by the mother after the yolk sac is absorbed (oophagy) (Ref. 50449), 2 to 4 young in a litter (usually 2) (Ref. 247). Size at birth 114-150 cm (Ref. 247). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Huvudreferens Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Medarbetare

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Sårbar (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 06 November 2018

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Hot mot människor

  Harmless (Ref. 247)





Mänskliga användningsområden

Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
FAO - fiskeri: artprofil, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Havet omkring oss

Ytterligare information

Trofisk ekologi
Livsmedelsartiklar (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Matransoner
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Populationsdynamik
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. åldrar / storlekar
Längd-vikt rel.
Längd-längd rel.
Längd-frekvenser
Massakonvertering
Rekrytering
Abundans
Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Utbredning
Territorier
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videor
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Genetik
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Uppsökande verksamhet
Medarbetare
Taxonomi
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Morfometri
Bilder
referenser
referenser

Verktyg

E-bok | Fälthandbok | Bestämningsnycklar | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta | Fångst-MSY |

Särskilda rapporter

Kontrollera för underhåll av akvarium | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om arter | Kontrollera om det finns faktablad om vattenbruk

Ladda ner XML

Sammanfattande sida | Punktdata | Populärnamn | foton

Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - fiskeri: artprofil, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Nationella databaser | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | RFE Identification | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoologiskt register

Uppskattningar baserade på modeller

Index för fylogenetisk mångfald
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00832 (0.00359 - 0.01926), b=2.86 (2.66 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå
(Ref. 69278) 		4.5   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
Resiliens
(Ref. 120179) 		Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.1; tm=5-7; tmax=19; Fec=2-4).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.05, 95% CL = 0.03 - 0.07, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Sårbarhet i fisket
(Ref. 59153) 		Very high vulnerability (77 of 100). 🛈
Sårbarhet för klimatet
(Ref. 125649) 		High vulnerability (62 of 100). 🛈
Priskategori
(Ref. 80766) 		High.
Näringsämnen
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 6.93 [1.98, 35.15] mg/100g; Iron = 0.726 [0.178, 2.143] mg/100g; Protein = 20.7 [18.3, 23.1] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.152, 0.923] g/100g; Selenium = 37.8 [10.7, 110.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.78 [1.56, 14.81] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.28 [0.14, 0.52] mg/100g (wet weight);