Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 0 - 30 m (Ref. 26938). Subtropical; 36°N - 18°N, 99°W - 75°W (Ref. 55283)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to the northern Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan, Mexico.
Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9710); 76.0 cm TL (female); common length : 60.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 6077)
Elongate, with a heart-shaped disk terminating in a wedge-shaped snout with a few enlarged tubercles on tip (Ref. 26938). Ashy gray to olive brown or chocolate brown. Entire upper surface is thickly freckled with several hundred small whitish dots. Lower surface is pale yellow or yellowish white or plain white, fins slightly darker than trunk (Ref. 6902).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits sandy and weedy bottoms, sometimes near patch reefs. Also found along beaches from shoreline to depths of 30 m (Ref. 26938). Usually buried in the sand or mud. Feeds on mollusks and crustaceans. Ovoviviparous, with up to 6 in a litter (Ref. 12951). Size at birth 20 cm (Ref. 12951). Generally uncommon (Ref. 9710).
Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: pesquerías de subsistencia
Herramientas
Informes especiales
Descargar XML
Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00282 (0.00132 - 0.00602), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278) |
3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items. |
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179) |
Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (Fec assumed to be <10). |
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 12.2 [1.5, 49.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.424 [0.102, 1.177] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [17.9, 22.2] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.053, 0.310] g/100g; Selenium = 11.3 [3.2, 35.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33 [11, 104] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.63 [0.30, 1.34] mg/100g (wet weight); |