Bathytoshia centroura (Mitchill, 1815)
Roughtail stingray
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Bathytoshia centroura AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Dasyatinae
More on author: Mitchill.
More on author: Mitchill.
Taxonomic Remarks
Eastern Atlantic populations of Bathytoshia centroura refer to Bathytoshia lata according to Last et al, 2016 (Ref. 114953). Species distribution will be corrected as soon as possible;
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 3 - 270 m (Ref. 57911), usually 15 - 50 m (Ref. 4438). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 35°S, 90°W - 36°E
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Western Atlantic: antitropical; from western and southern USA, including the Gulf of Mexico, and Brazil to Argentina (Ref. 114953). Eastern Atlantic populations refer to Bathytoshia lata (Ref. 109651, 114953).
東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部到安哥拉，包括地中海，馬得拉群島與加納利群島。 西大西洋: 新英格蘭喬治亞淺灘到墨西哥灣東部; 巴西南部到烏拉圭。
東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部到安哥拉，包括地中海，馬得拉群島與加納利群島。 西大西洋: 新英格蘭喬治亞淺灘到墨西哥灣東部; 巴西南部到烏拉圭。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 116.5, range 66 - 160 cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27549); common length : 125 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999); 最大体重: 300.0 kg (Ref. 57911)
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27549); common length : 125 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999); 最大体重: 300.0 kg (Ref. 57911)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Diagnosis: Large specimens of Dasyatis centroura are recognizable by their thorny tails, by the large size and wide spacing spacing of their mid-dorsal bucklers, and by the conspicuous tubercles or bucklers on the outer parts of their discs; in smaller specimens the large tubercles have not yet developed on the tail (Ref. 6902). It differs from Dasyatis sabina, D. guttata and Himantura schmardae in the shape of disc; it resembles Dasyatis say and D. americana in shape of disc, but it can be distinguished from D. say by the fact that the tail lacks any trace of a cutaneous fold above, and from D. americana by its much narrower ventral tailfold (Ref. 6902).
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.
体盘接近四边形的有强弯曲的前边缘，钝的吻.(参考文献 39859) 巨大的体型与背部中央圆盾的空隙, 在体盘的外部部份上的显着的小瘤.(参考文献 6902) 尾部有很多的列小的棘。 腹面鳍褶长的, 但是相当低不被容易地见到, 背部的鳍褶不存在.(参考文献 7251) 背面黄褐色的, 腹面白色或几乎白的。 下表面白色的而且没有深色的边缘.(参考文献 6902)
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.
体盘接近四边形的有强弯曲的前边缘，钝的吻.(参考文献 39859) 巨大的体型与背部中央圆盾的空隙, 在体盘的外部部份上的显着的小瘤.(参考文献 6902) 尾部有很多的列小的棘。 腹面鳍褶长的, 但是相当低不被容易地见到, 背部的鳍褶不存在.(参考文献 7251) 背面黄褐色的, 腹面白色或几乎白的。 下表面白色的而且没有深色的边缘.(参考文献 6902)
Dasyatis centroura is a coastal species (Ref. 81259), found over sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 3169). It feeds on bottom-living invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 3169). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 6901). Wings marketed fresh, smoked, dried-salted; used for fishmeal and oil. Harmful to shellfish banks; dangerous to bathers and fishers due to its poisonous spine. May attain well over 100 cm TL. Warm season visitor to coastal waters (Ref. 6902).
发现在沙泥底上了。 吃底栖无脊椎动物与鱼类。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 6901) 翼在市场上销售生鲜、烟熏, 乾燥盐腌; 制成鱼浆与油。 对贝浅堆有害; 对游泳者有危险，而且渔夫由于它的有毒棘。 可能达到 100 公分TL 。 (参考文献 27000) 温暖的季节造访沿岸水域。 (参考文献 6902)
发现在沙泥底上了。 吃底栖无脊椎动物与鱼类。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 6901) 翼在市场上销售生鲜、烟熏, 乾燥盐腌; 制成鱼浆与油。 对贝浅堆有害; 对游泳者有危险，而且渔夫由于它的有毒棘。 可能达到 100 公分TL 。 (参考文献 27000) 温暖的季节造访沿岸水域。 (参考文献 6902)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Gestation about 4 months with 2 to 4 young produced in autumn and early winter (Ref. 6901). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 比斯開灣南部到安哥拉，包括地中海，馬得拉群島與加納利群島。 西大西洋: 新英格蘭喬治亞淺灘到墨西哥灣東部; 巴西南部到烏拉圭。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者
Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
有毒的
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00447 (0.00189 - 0.01053), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=2-6). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (81 of 100). 🛈 |
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气候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 12 [2, 54] mg/100g; Iron = 0.627 [0.158, 1.732] mg/100g; Protein = 23 [20, 26] %; Omega3 = 0.272 [0.080, 0.798] g/100g; Selenium = 34.5 [9.9, 96.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.84 [1.53, 9.51] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.47 [0.24, 0.84] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |