Myliobatis californica Gill, 1865
Bat eagle ray
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Myliobatis californica AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gill.
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gill.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: Oregon, USA to Gulf of California (Ref. 2850) and the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 28023).
東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣 (參考文獻 2850) 與加拉巴哥群島.(參考文獻 28023)
東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣 (參考文獻 2850) 與加拉巴哥群島.(參考文獻 28023)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 180 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 100.0 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9257); 最大体重: 82.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
Max length : 180 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 100.0 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9257); 最大体重: 82.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
Commonly found in sandy and muddy bays and sloughs, also on rocky bottom and in kelp beds (Ref. 2850). Sometimes buries itself in sand (Ref. 2850). Found singly or in schools (Ref. 12951). Feeds on bivalves, snails, polychaetes, shrimps, and crabs (Ref. 9257). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Venomous spine on tail. Not fished commercially, but shows up as by-catch species (Ref. 9257).
普遍地栖息于沙泥海湾与泥坑, 也在岩石的底部上与在海藻床中.(参考文献 2850) 有时掩藏于沙子中。 (参考文献 2850) 各别地或成群发现。 (参考文献 12951) 吃二枚贝，蜗牛，多毛类动物，虾与螃蟹。 (参考文献 9257) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 在尾部上的有毒的棘。 不商业性地渔捕, 但是出现如误捕种.(参考文献 9257)
普遍地栖息于沙泥海湾与泥坑, 也在岩石的底部上与在海藻床中.(参考文献 2850) 有时掩藏于沙子中。 (参考文献 2850) 各别地或成群发现。 (参考文献 12951) 吃二枚贝，蜗牛，多毛类动物，虾与螃蟹。 (参考文献 9257) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 在尾部上的有毒的棘。 不商业性地渔捕, 但是出现如误捕种.(参考文献 9257)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到加州灣 (參考文獻 2850) 與加拉巴哥群島.(參考文獻 28023)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者
McEachran, J.D. and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara, 1995. Myliobatidae. Aguilas marinas. p. 765-768. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9257)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
有毒的 (Ref. 4690)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00389 (0.00123 - 0.01230), b=3.09 (2.84 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3; tmax=23; k=0.09-0.22). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (75 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 8.59 [1.10, 170.56] mg/100g; Iron = 0.647 [0.059, 7.948] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [15.2, 25.6] %; Omega3 = 0.159 [0.050, 0.437] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [5.9, 146.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.22 [0.27, 34.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.476 [0.031, 5.520] mg/100g (wet weight); |