Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836)
Cutthroat trout
個人による観察記録の追加 Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Oncorhynchus clarkii AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
Etymology: Oncorhynchus: Greek, onyx, -ychos = nail + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335); clarkii: Named after William Clark, leader of the Lewis and Clark expedition (Ref. 1998).
Eponymy: Captain William Clark (1770–1838) was an American explorer and soldier who later became Governor of Missouri Territory. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Richardson.
Etymology: Oncorhynchus: Greek, onyx, -ychos = nail + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335); clarkii: Named after William Clark, leader of the Lewis and Clark expedition (Ref. 1998).
Eponymy: Captain William Clark (1770–1838) was an American explorer and soldier who later became Governor of Missouri Territory. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Richardson.
Taxonomic Remarks
Synonymy to clarify with Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi (Girard, 1856) [or Suckley, 1874?].
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の; 昇流魚 (Ref. 27547); 深さの範囲 0 - 200 m (Ref. 50610). Temperate; ? - 23°C (Ref. 12741); 61°N - 40°N
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: northern parts of Prince William Sound, Alaska, south to the Eel River in northern California, USA and is found in most streams emptying into the Pacific.
Widely introduced into various streams and lakes within its natural range, as well as into a few lakes in eastern North America. In some streams it may be the most numerous sport fish present, while other streams support only small populations. At least 14 subspecies have been historically recognized (Ref. 5723).
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 15.2, range 15 - 18 cm
Max length : 99.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 12204); 最大公表体重: 18.6 kg (Ref. 9988); 最大記録サイズ: 13 年 (Ref. 119181)
Max length : 99.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 12204); 最大公表体重: 18.6 kg (Ref. 9988); 最大記録サイズ: 13 年 (Ref. 119181)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 8 - 11; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 8 - 12. Color is variable. Generally dark green to greenish-blue on back, olive-green on upper flank, silvery on lower flank and belly; flanks spots below lateral line are more numerous anteriorly; irregular spots on dorsal, adipose and caudal fins and the anal, pectoral and pelvic fin bases; gill covers are pinkish. Those found at sea or recent migrants to freshwater are silvery with a bluish back, yellowish lower flanks and fins, and sparse spots.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Prefers relatively small streams, with gravel bottoms and gentle gradients. Spawning adults migrate from the sea into streams to spawn (Ref. 27547). The young fish usually stay in the stream for a year or two before entering the sea, but some populations never got to sea at all. In rare cases, some individuals of sea-going populations, may remain in fresh water for as long as eight years (Ref. 28866, 28869). Feeds on small fishes, crustaceans, and insects (Ref. 4925). The flesh is orange-red and of excellent flavor (Ref. 27547). Utilized fresh and eaten fried, broiled, and baked (Ref. 9988). This species does not compete well with other fish, tends to hybridize, and is unable to withstand fishing pressure = depletion of stocks.
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Spawning occurs both daytime and nighttime. The female selects a site and builds a redd while the male courts her and drives away other males. Upon completion of the redd, the female settles into the pitt, immediately followed by the male. The pair releases eggs and sperm simultaneously and the eggs fall into the spaces between the gravel. The female then moves to the upstream edge of the redd and resumes digging, thereby covering the eggs. When completely covered, the female may use the new redd to spawn once more or she may look for another spot and repeat the entire process. Both males and females spawn with one or more members of the opposite sex (Ref. 12204, 27547). Reproductive strategy: synchronous ovarian organization, determinate fecundity (Ref. 51846).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者
Coad, B.W., 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapore. (Ref. 12204)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
人間の用途
水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい; 水族館・水槽: 公共の水族館
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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用具
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特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
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系統多様性指数 (参照 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00891 (0.00709 - 0.01121), b=3.02 (2.98 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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栄養段階 (参照 69278) |
3.8 ±0.56 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 4.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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回復力 (参照 120179) |
手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=2-3; tmax=10; Fec=226). |
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漁業の脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100). 🛈 |
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価格帯 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |