Silurus glanis, Wels catfish : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758

Wels catfish
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Image of Silurus glanis (Wels catfish)
Silurus glanis
Afbeelding van Hartl, A.

Classificatie / Namen Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Siluriformes (Catfishes) > Siluridae (Sheatfishes)
Etymology: Silurus: Greek, silouros = a cat fish + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied Ecologie

; zoet water; brak water benthopelagisch; standvastig; diepte 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9988). Temperate; 4°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 62°N - 36°N, 0°E - 80°E

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Europe and Asia. North, Baltic, Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins, as far north as southern Sweden and Finland; Aegean Sea basin in Maritza and from Struma to Sperchios drainages; Turkey. Absent from the rest of Mediterranean basin. Now widely introduced and translocated throught Europe and Lake Balkhash basin in Kazakhstan. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturiteit: Lm 87.5, range 86 - 108 cm
Max length : 273 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 123627); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 130.0 kg (Ref. 123627); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 80 Jaren (Ref. 59043)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 1; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 4 - 5; Anale stekels: 1; Anale zachte stralen: 83 - 95. Distinguished from all other freshwater fishes in Europe by the following unique characters: two pairs of mental barbels; and anal fin with 83-91½ rays. Differs further from the following combination of features: body naked; large, depressed head; dorsal fin with 2-4½ rays; caudal fin rounded or truncate; no adipose fin; and anal rays almost touching caudal (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 17 rays (Ref. 2196).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

The maximum length of the species has been recorded as 5 m for a long time and the maximum weight as 306 kg . It has been demonstatred that misidentifications and problems of measurment units have led to these numbers. The recorded maxima with evidence are 2.73 m and 130 kg (Ref. 123627). Inhabits large and medium size lowland rivers, backwaters and well vegetated lakes (Ref. 59043). Occurs mainly in large lakes and rivers, though occasionally enters brackish water in the Baltic and Black Seas (Ref. 9988). Found in deep waters of dams constructed on the lower reaches of rivers (Ref. 9696). A nocturnal predator, foraging near bottom and in water column. Larvae and juveniles are benthic, feeding on a wide variety of invertebrates and fish. Adults prey on fish and other aquatic vertebrates. Attains first sexual maturity at 2-3 years of age (Ref. 59043). Spawns in the salt water of the Aral Sea (at Kulandy) (Ref. 1441). Marketed fresh, canned and frozen; can be pan-fried and baked (Ref. 9988). Locally threatened due to river regulation destroying shallow spawning sites (Ref. 59043).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Males defend small territories in the spawning sites and construct nests made of plant materials. They dig shallow depressions or clean spawning substrate such as willow (Salix) and roots. Males guard the nests until larvae emerge. Spawns in pairs. Eggs hatch in 2-3 days. Larvae live in the nest until yolk sac is absorbed for 2-4 (Ref. 59043). Eggs are surrounded by a mucous and adherent wrapping. Incubation lasts about 50 hours at 24°C. Egg size 3 mm, larval length at hatching 8.5 mm (Ref. 26211).

Hoofdreferentie Upload uw referenties | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 May 2022

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Potential pest





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; Aquacultuur: commercieel; sportvis: ja
FAO - Aquacultuursystemen: production searchvisserij: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Schattingen op basis van modellen

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00631 (0.00525 - 0.00758), b=2.99 (2.94 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau
(Ref. 69278) 		4.4   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen
(Ref. 120179) 		laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (tm=3-4; tmax=30).
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij
(Ref. 59153) 		Very high vulnerability (84 of 100). 🛈
Prijsklasse
(Ref. 80766) 		Unknown.
Voedingsstoffen
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 20.8 [8.1, 39.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.331 [0.098, 0.866] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [15.2, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.286 [0.121, 0.672] g/100g; Selenium = 22.5 [10.0, 51.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.18 [2.27, 37.75] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.442 [0.243, 1.135] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.