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Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Laviniinae
Etymology: Orthodon: Greek, ortho = straight + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 39°N - 35°N
North America: Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro and Salinas River drainages; Clear Lake in California, USA; also Russian River, where possibly introduced; introduced to Santa Ana River in California and Humboldt River system in Nevada.
北美洲: 薩克拉門托河-聖約昆河, Pajaro 河與鹽水河流域; 美國加州的澄清湖。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 72462)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 11. Dorsal fin with 9-11 rays; dorsal-fin origin in front of pelvic-fin origin; 90-105 scales on lateral line; wide head, flat above; slightly upturned mouth; slender, compressed body; long narrow caudal peduncle; pharyngeal teeth 0,6-6,0 or 0,6-5,0; light to dark gray above, often olive sheen; silver side (Ref. 86798).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur in lakes, backwaters and sluggish pools of small to large rivers. Usually found in warm turbid water (Ref. 86798). Migratory behaviour is undetermined (Ref. 126106).
出現於小型到大型河川的湖,洄水區與滯水潭。 通常發現於溫暖混濁的水。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 薩克拉門托河-聖約昆河, Pajaro 河與鹽水河流域; 美國加州的澄清湖。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01148 (0.00455 - 0.02896), b=3.03 (2.81 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
2.0 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (64 of 100). 🛈 |