Hypostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Suckermouth catfish
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Siluriformes (Catfishes) > Loricariidae (Armored catfishes) > Hypostominae
Etymology: Hypostomus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Hypostomus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Taxonomic Remarks
Neotype designation of Acipenser plecostomus in Boeseman 1968 (RMNH 182400) may be invalid if the smallest specimen in NRM LP 32 is part of the type series; for more details on synonymy of Hypostomus plecostomus see Boeseman (1968:32) and Isbrücker (1980:30). Mitochondrial D-loop sequences used in a molecular phylogeny of Hypostomus and related genera by Montoya-Burgos and Weber (in press, fig. 2; EMBL/GenBank AJ318351).
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.2 - 8.2; dH range: ? - 28. 熱帶; 20°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 12°N - 25°S, 60°W - 51°W
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
South America: Guianas (coastal region from the Oyapock River basin to the Essequibo River basin). Identity of reported introduced species to several Asian countries for the aquarium trade need further confirmation.
南美洲: 圭亞那海岸的流域。 曾經為水族貿易引進一些亞洲國家。 (參考文獻 2060)
南美洲: 圭亞那海岸的流域。 曾經為水族貿易引進一些亞洲國家。 (參考文獻 2060)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 90186); common length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
Max length : 25.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 90186); common length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
This species is distinguished by the following characters: differs from species of the H. cochliodon group (H. macushi and H. taphorni in the Guianas) by having viliform teeth (vs. large spoon-shaped teeth); differs from other Guianese species of Hypostomus by having teeth bearing a short roughly rounded crown, with lateral cusp about half the length of the main cusp (vs. an elongated crown, with a small lateral cusp in coppenamensis, corantijni, crassicauda, gymnorhynchus,nematopterus, watwata), or sometimes with an enlarged lateral cusp (observed in H. gymnorhynchus from upper Maroni River Basin only, H. micromaculatus and H. paucimaculatus); differs from long-crown toothed species except H. watwata by the presence of a preanal plate (vs. absence); differs from H. watwata in having an azygous plate which is sometimes divided into two to three secondary platelets, bordering the posterior part of the supraoccipital and directly contacting the pterotic-supracleithrum, laterally bordered by two plates that contact only the pterotic-supracleithrum (vs. an azygous plate, often divided anteriorly in small secondary platelets, not connecting the pterotic-supracleithrum, and with two lateral areas divided in multiple platelets, 4-13, bordering the postero-lateral part of the supraoccipital and the posterior part of the pterotic-supracleithrum (Ref. 90186).
Cross section: oval.
身体短与结实的; 尾柄不扁平的。 头部与身体的上半部包在纵列的鳞甲中了; 头部下表面与腹部裸露的。
Cross section: oval.
身体短与结实的; 尾柄不扁平的。 头部与身体的上半部包在纵列的鳞甲中了; 头部下表面与腹部裸露的。
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); This species inhabits the lower part of rivers still under tide influence, and characterized by a quiet flowing water and muddy substrate, and swamps (Ref. 90186). Feeds on algae and small crustaceans. Is cultured in ponds in Singapore and Hong Kong for the aquarium trade, where it is very popular (Ref. 2060).
吃藻类与小型甲壳动物。 在新加坡的池塘被养殖与对于水族贸易香港, 在那里它非常受欢迎.(参考文献 2060)
吃藻类与小型甲壳动物。 在新加坡的池塘被养殖与对于水族贸易香港, 在那里它非常受欢迎.(参考文献 2060)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Deposits eggs on smooth rocks. Eggs are guarded by one or both parents. May deposit eggs in depressions (Ref. 2060).南美洲: 圭亞那海岸的流域。 曾經為水族貿易引進一些亞洲國家。 (參考文獻 2060)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Fisch-Muller, Sonia | 合作者
Weber, C., R. Covain and S. Fisch-Muller, 2012. Identity of Hypostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758), with an overview of Hypostomus species from the Guianas (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Cybium 36(1):195-227. (Ref. 90186)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 高经济性
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01905 (0.01584 - 0.02292), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
2.5 ±0.26 se; based on food items. |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tmax>3; Fec = 3,000). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100). 🛈 |
|
价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown. |